However, recent surveys conducted by Duke University professor Vivek Wadhwa indicate that the primary reasons such graduates are leaving the U.S. are not related to visa issues, but rather ties to family and friends and greater work opportunities back home.
Another category of H-1B applicants that has been controversial is Indian outsourcing firms. In 2008, Indian outsourcers Infosys Technologies, Wipro, Satyam, and Tata Consulting were the top four recipients of H-1B visas, followed by Microsoft, according to U.S. government data.
Critics worry that these firms bring in cheaper workers for short periods and ultimately rotate them back to their home countries to perform work U.S. companies send offshore.
Image: Julie Liang, originally from the United Kingdom, shows her 'green card' for permanent residency in the US. | Photograph: Claro Cortes IV/Reuters
Also read: Slide Show: Best and Worst States for Tech Jobs
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