Dh}i L$p¡W$pfu

"rhTX$_' Üpfp "B[ÞX$e_ q¾$L¡$V$f Ap¡a ^ k¡ÞQyfu' sfuL¡$ Ål¡f \e¡gp L$q`g v¡$h¡ qfQpX®$ l¡X$gu_p¡ kp¥\u h^y rhL¡$V$_p¡ f¡L$p¡X®$ sp¡X$ép¡ Ðepf¡ "S>Þdc|rd âhpku'_p s„Óu lfuÞÖ v$h¡A¡ L$r`g_¡ "Adftkl A_¡ r_kpf_p hpfkv$pf' sfuL¡$ Ap¡mMpìep¡ lsp¡. ÅZusp g¡ML$ A_¡ q¾$L¡$V$_p Aæepku fpdQ„Ö Nylp_p Adftkl rhi¡_p g¡M_y„ d\pmy„ lsy„ : "A¡ X¡$rhg rbap¡f L$r`g'.

L$r`g v¡$h_u (ep¡Áe fus¡) Qp¡sfa hplhplu \C flu R>¡ Ðepf¡ Ap¡gfpDÞX$f sfuL¡$ L$r`g_p "`|h®S>' NZpsp Adftkl sfa `Z ×rô$ L$fhp_y„ d_ \pe. A¡dp„ `Z Adftkl A¡ rbi_tkl L¡$ _hÅ¡stkl S>¡hp _l], `Z fZrS>stkl A_¡ vy$gu`tkl S>¡hp NyS>fpsu "tkl' R>¡, A¡ ÅÎep `R>u Ly$s|lg_u dpÓp Ap¡f h^u Åe.

A¡g. Adftkl Da£ Adftkl g^pcpC _Ly$d fZrS>stkl A_¡ vy$gu`tkl S>¡hp fpS>hu _lp¡sp, `Z cpfs-HÁg¡ÞX$_p q¾$L¡$V$S>Nsdp„ s¡d_p¡ dp¡cp¡ A¡L$ fpS>hu L$fsp„ S>fpe Ap¡R>p¡ _ lsp¡. 1930_p v$peL$p_p cpfsdp„ A_¡ rb°V$_dp„ q¾$L¡$V$rhh¡QL$p¡ Ap¡gfpDÞX$f Adftkl `f Ap¡hpfu Nep lsp. q¾$L¡$V$ fdsu v$f¡L$ V$ud A¡hy„ BÃR>su lsu L¡$ A¡d_u `pk¡ `Z A¡L$ Adftkl lp¡e!

fZÆ V²$p¡audp„ "X$bëk' (100 rhL¡$V$ A_¡ 1,000 f_)_u rkrÙ d¡mh_pfp s¡Ap¡ `l¡gp q¾$L¡$V$f lsp. 1932dp„ A¥rslprkL$ gp¡X¹$®T_p d¡v$p_ `f HÁg¡ÞX$ kpd¡ cpfs_u `l¡gu V¡$õV$d¡Qdp„ Adftkl¡ Qpf rhL¡$V$ gu^u lsu. A¡ d¡Qdp„ `|„R>qX$ep M¡gpX$u sfuL¡$ Aphu_¡ Adftkl¡ aV$L$pf¡gp 51 f_ cpfs_u V$uddp„ ìe[¼sNs fus¡ khp£ÃQ lsp. HÁg¡ÞX$_u A¡ Vy$fdp„ V¡$õV$d¡Q rkhpe fdpe¡gu k„¿epb„^ d¡Qdp„ `Z Adftkl R>hpC Nep. HÁg¡ÞX$_p `l¡gp âhpkdp„ Ly$g 111 rhL¡$V$p¡ TX$`u_¡ rhv¡$i_u ^fsu `f 100 rhL¡$V$ TX$`_pfp s¡ `l¡gp cpfsue M¡gpX$u bÞep. Adftkl_p„ b¡qV„$N-bp¡tgN-au[ëX„$N_p¡ âcph rb°V$_dp„ A¡hp¡ `\fpep¡ L¡$ g¢L¡$ipef L$pDÞV$uA¡ s¡d_¡ L$fpfbÙ L$ep®. rb°V$__u L$pDÞV$u v¡$iu M¡gpX$u_¡ V$uddp„ kpd¡g \hp_y„ _p¡sfy„ Ap`¡, A¡hp¡ A¡ `l¡gp¡ b_ph lsp¡. A¡ hMs¡ Adftkl_u Jdf lsu 21 hj®.

fpS>L$p¡V$_u Apëä¡X$ lpCõL|$g (lpg_u dp¡l_v$pk Np„^u lpCõL|$g)dp„ Adftkl q¾$L¡$V$_p `l¡gp `pW$ iu¿ep lsp. s¡d_u BÃR>p b¡V¹$kd¡_ b_hp_u lsu, `Z s¡d_p¡ dS>b|s bp„^p¡ A_¡ S>bfv$õs ndsp Å¡C_¡ "L$p¡Q' h¡gÆ dpõsf¡ Adftkl_¡ apõV$ bp¡gf b_hp dpV¡$ âp¡Ðkpl_ Apàey„. s¡d_p r`sp g^pcpC õV¡$V$_p `¡V$p L$p¡ÞV²¡¼V$f lsp. Åd_Nf_p¡ âsp`rhgpk `¡g¡k QZpsp¡ lsp¡ A¡ Afkpdp„ Adftkl_p¡ S>Þd (Qp¡\u qX$k¡çbf, 1910) \ep¡ lsp¡. crhóedp„ A¡ S> õV¡$V$_p¡ fpÄepîe dþep `R>u dlp_ q¾$L¡$V$f sfuL¡$ s¡d_p¡ `y_:S>Þd \hp_p¡ lsp¡.

fpS>L$p¡V$_u A¡L$ lpCõL|$g d¡Qdp„ Adftkl_u fds Å¡C_¡ fuTu Ne¡gp Ådkpl¡b¡ s¡d_¡ õV¡$V$_p q¾$L¡$V$f sfuL¡$ fpMu gu^p lsp. Adftkl_p¡ `Npf sb¡gp Mpspdp„ D^pfpe, `Z L$pddp„ q¾$L¡$V$_u â¡[¼V$k L$fhp_u A_¡ v¡$iu-rhv¡$iu dl¡dp_p¡ Aph¡ Ðepf¡ s¡d_u V$ud kp\¡ q¾$L¡$V$ fdhp_u.

Adftkl\u v$k hj£ dp¡V$p A¡k. fpdÆ Da£ fpdÆcpC fS>hpX$p„_u q¾$L¡$V$_y„ â¿eps A_¡ L„$CL$ A„i¡ Ly$¿eps `pÓ lsp. s¡d_p bç`fp¡_p¡ õhpv$ cgcgp fpS>huAp¡ QpMu Q|¼ep lsp. A¡hu S> A¡L$ d¡Qdp„ `rsepgp_f¡i_¡ ApDV$ L$fhp_p "Ny_p' kbb s¡d_¡ L$pdQgpD ^p¡fZ¡ S>¡gdp„ `yfphy„ `X$éy„ lsy„ A_¡ `p¡fb„v$f_p fpZp _V$hftkl_p A¡L$ dl¡dp__¡ Æhg¡Z bç`f dpfhp bv$g, ""afu s_¡ `p¡fb„v$f_u lv$dp„ Å¡ep¡ sp¡ i|V$ L$fu _pMui'' A¡hp¡ fpZp_p¡ Nyõkp¡ `Z hlp¡fhp¡ `X$ép¡ lsp¡.

Ådkpl¡b S>¡hp_p fpÄepîedp„ Adftkl_u ârscp_¡ Mughp_u `|fu sL$ dmu. NyS>fpsdp„ A¡ hMs¡ dy¿eÐh¡ Qpf q¾$L¡$V$ V$ud lsu : kp¡fW$, lpgpf, Np¡rlghpX$ A_¡ TpgphpX$. Adftkl A_¡ fpdÆcpC lpgpf_u V$uddp„ lsp. fpS>L$p¡V$_p gpMpÆfpS> A_¡ _hp_Nf_p Åd fZrS>stkl `Z lpgpf_u V$ud sfa\u fdsp lsp. Ap Npmp v$frdep_ Adftkl_u q¾$L¡$V$f sfuL¡$_u ârscp_p¡ A„v$pS> rh¿eps q¾$L¡$V$ kdunL$ âpNÆ X$p¡kp_p k„N°ldp„\u dmsu rhNsp¡ Üpfp Aphu iL¡$ R>¡ :

• bpf hj® (1921-32) v$frdep_ Ådkpl¡b¡ 18 v$phdp„ 16.41_u kf¡fpi\u 279 f_ L$ep® lsp, Äepf¡ Adftkl¡ 14 v$phdp„ 38.07_u kf¡fpi\u 495 f_ aV$L$pep® lsp. b¡qV„$N A¡hf¡S>_u bpbsdp„ lpgpf_u V$uddp„ Ådkpl¡b `„v$fdp _„bf¡ A_¡ Adftkl Qp¡\p _„bf¡ lsp.

• Ap Npmp v$frdep_ Qpf¡e V$udp¡_u d¡Qp¡dp„ Ly$g Qpf kv$u \C lsu. s¡dp„\u b¡ Adftkl_u (122 A_¡ 106) lsu. bpL$u_u A¡L$-A¡L$ kv$u fpS>L$p¡V$_p gpMpÆfpS> A_¡ g]bX$u_p O_íepdtkl_p Mps¡ lsu.

• A¡L$ Bt_Ndp„ A_¡ A¡L$ d¡Qdp„ kp¥\u h^y rhL¡$V$p¡ g¡hp_p f¡L$p¡X®$ Adftkl_p _pd¡ lsp. s¡dZ¡ 1923dp„ A_¡ 1931dp„ A_y¾$d¡ TpgphpX$ A_¡ Np¡rlghpX$_u V$ud kpd¡ 87 f_dp„ 9 rhL¡$V$p¡ A_¡ 32 f_dp„ 9 rhL¡$V$p¡ gu^u lsu. Np¡rlghpX$ kpd¡_u A¡ d¡Qdp„ b„_¡ v$phdp„ \C_¡ s¡dZ¡ Ly$g 16 rhL¡$V$p¡ gu^u lsu, S>¡ A¡L$ d¡Qdp„ kp¥\u h^y rhL¡$V$_p¡ f¡L$p¡X®$ lsp¡.

• bpf hj®dp„ kp¥\u h^y rhL¡$V$p¡ g¡hp_p¡ f¡L$p¡X®$ Adftkl_p dp¡V$p cpC fpdÆcpC_p¡ lsp¡, `Z Adftkl blz `pR>m _ lsp. fpdÆcpCA¡ Ly$g 510.1 Ap¡hfdp„ 1126 f_ Ap`u_¡ 90 rhL¡$V$ gu^u lsu, Äepf¡ Adftkl¡ 294.4 Ap¡hfdp„ 650 f_ Ap`u_¡ 59 rhL¡$V$p¡ gu^u lsu.

`l¡gu d¡Qdp„ L¡$àV$_ _V$hftkl (`p¡fb„v$f) A_¡ hpBk L¡$àV$_ O_íepdtkl (g]bX$u) fçep _l], A¡V$g¡ ku.L¡$. _peXy$ L¡$àV$_ bÞep. Ap d¡Qdp„ Adftkl¡ HÁg¡ÞX$_p ÓZ ^yf„^f M¡gpX$uAp¡ krls Ly$g Qpf rhL¡$V$ gu^u A_¡ gpg tkl kp\¡ ApW$du rhL¡$V$_u cpNuv$pfudp„ a¼s 40 rdr_V$dp„ 74 f_ aV$L$pfu v$u^p. A¡ `l¡gp âhpkdp„ HÁg¡ÞX$_p q¾$L¡$V$rhh¡QL$p¡ 21 hj®_p Adftkl `f Apafu_ \C Nep.

cpfs hsu Adftkl 7 V¡$õV$ fçep lsp. s¡dp„ A¡dZ¡ 28 rhL¡$V$p¡ gu^u. fZÆV²$p¡audp„ s¡d_p¡ v¡$Mph AÐe„s âcphipmu lsp¡. 1934\u 1939 ky^udp„ s¡Ap¡ fZÆV²$p¡au_u 16 d¡Q fçep. s¡dp„ `l¡gp„ ÓZ hj® s¡ "h¡õV$_® B[ÞX$e_ õV¡$V¹$k q¾$L¡$V$ A¡kp¡rke¡i_'dp„ A_¡ bpL$u_p„ Qpf hj® _hp_Nf_u V$uddp„ lsp. 16 d¡Qdp„ 1,009 f_ aV$L$pfu_¡ A_¡ 105 rhL¡$V$p¡ TX$`u_¡ "X$bëk'_u rkrÙ d¡mh_pfp s¡ `l¡gp M¡gpX$u bÞep.

_p_u Jdfdp„ Adp` ârkrÙ dmhp R>sp„ Adftkl R>L$u Nep _lp¡sp. s¡d_y„ Æh_ h¥chu lsy„. s¡d_p d©Ðey `R>u s¡d_p `yÓ rhS>ecpC rhS>e dfQÞV$_¡ dmhp Nep Ðepf¡ dfQÞV¡$ s¡d_¡ Adftkl_u Dv$pfsp_p OZp qL$õkp k„cmpìep lsp.

rhS>e dfQÞV$ A_¡ Adftkl hÃQ¡ A¡hu v$p¡õsu lsu L¡$ b„_¡A¡ A¡L$buÅ_p„ _pd `f\u s¡d_p„ `yÓp¡_p„ _pd `pX$ép„ : Adftkl_p¡ v$uL$fp¡ rhS>e _Ly$d A_¡ rhS>e dfQÞV$_p¡ v$uL$fp¡ Adf dfQÞV$!

Adftkl_u qv$gv$pfu epv$ L$fsp„ rhS>e dfQÞV¡$ rhS>ecpC_¡ L$üy„ lsy„, "spfp r`sp_¡ A¡V$gu b^u c¡V$p¡ A_¡ B_pd-AL$fpd dmsp„ lsp„, `Z s¡dp„\u blz Ap¡R>p„ Of ky^u `lp¢Qsp„ lsp„. s¡d_u âL©$rs S> A¡hu lsu L¡$ L$p¡C S>ê$qfepsd„v$ _S>f¡ QX¡$ A\hp L$p¡C dpN¡ sp¡ OX$u_p¡ `Z rhQpf L$ep® rh_p s¡_¡ Nd¡ s¡hu L$udsu QuS> Ap`u v¡$sp lsp.' Ofdp„ rkNpf¡V$_p¡ dp¡V$p¡ X$åbp¡ cfu_¡ L$p„X$p OqX$epmp¡ lsu, A¡ sp¡ rhS>ecpC_¡ `Z epv$ R>¡. "A¡ hMs¡ L$p„X$p OqX$epm L$udsu S>Zk NZpsu lsu, `Z Nd¡ s¡ kNp„hlpgp„ Of¡ Aph¡ A_¡ L$p„X$p OqX$epm_u BÃR>p ìe¼s L$f¡, s¡d_¡ X$åbpdp„\u A¡ OqX$epm dmu S>su lsu.' A¡hy„ S> Adftkl_p„ 30-40 S>¡V$gp„ k|V$-åg¡Tf A_¡ cpfsue q¾$L¡$V$ V$ud_p Ap¡qaíeg `p¡ipL$ S>¡hp„ kps-ApW$ åg¡Tf_u bpbsdp„ `Z bÞey„ lsy„.

Adftkl rhi¡_p g¡Mp¡_u A¡L$ apBg dfQÞV¡$ kpQhu fpMu lsu. s¡dZ¡ L$üy„ lsy„, "Ad¡ Äepf¡ Adftkl_¡ s¡_u L$p¡C rkrÙ rhi¡_y„ L$qV„$N Ap`uA¡ Ðepf¡ A¡ L$l¡sp, Ap sdpfu `pk¡ S> fpMp¡. lz„ Ap_p\u h^y kpfp¡ f¡L$p¡X®$ L$fui.'

Adftkl A_¡ dp¡lçdv$ r_kpf S>¡hu apõV$ bp¡gfp¡_u Å¡X$u cpfsdp„ lSy> ky^u `¡v$p \C _\u, A¡hy„ q¾$L¡$V$_p rhh¡QL$p¡ N„cufsp\u dp_¡ R>¡. dp¡lçdv$ r_kpf kp\¡ bp¡tgN_u iê$Aps L$fsp Adftkl A¡L$kp\¡ 25-30 Ap¡hf _pMu iL$sp lsp. s¡d_u bp¡tgNdp„ TX$` L$fsp„ [õh„N A_¡ kud_y„ âdpZ h^y fl¡sy„ lsy„. blpf_p¡ gpNsp¡ v$X$p¡ ¼epf¡ AQp_L$ fõsp¡ bv$gu_¡ A¡L$pv$ QL$gu gC_¡ S>sp¡ fl¡i¡, s¡_p¡ b¡V¹$kd¡__¡ A„v$pS> kyÙp„ Aphsp¡ _lp¡sp¡.

L$d_kub¡, Adftkl_u Æh_-Bt_N_u bpbsdp„ `Z A¡hy„ bÞey„. s¡d_u Óukdu hj®Np„W$ ApX¡$ R> drl_p bpL$u lsp Ðepf¡ s¡d_¡ flõede sph gpNy `X$ép¡. A¡L$ dpÞesp âdpZ¡, Adftkl s¡d_p `fd rdÓ dpZphv$f_p Mp_kpl¡b_¡ Ðep„ gÁ_dp„ Nep Ðepf¡ rdÓp¡ kp\¡ `pZudp„ M|b sep® lsp. A¡dp„\u AQp_L$ s¡d_¡ sph QX$ép¡. Åd_Nf `pR>p Apìep `R>u `Z s¡d_u [õ\rsdp„ ky^pfp¡ _ \ep¡. budpfu_u lpgsdp„ 21du d¡, 1940_p fp¡S> s¡dZ¡ R>¡ëgp ðpk gu^p.

V$p„Qp„ kp^_p¡ A_¡ sbubuip÷_u dep®v$pAp¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ Adftkl_u tS>v$Nu bQphhp_y„ A¡ hMs¡ i¼e _lp¡sy„, `Z lh¡ s¡d_u õd©rs_¡ Æhsu fpMuA¡ sp¡e OÏ„ L$l¡hpi¡. q¾$L¡$V$_p Brslpkdp„ fpS>L$p¡V$_y„-NyS>fps_y„-cpfs_y„ _pd kyhZ® Anf¡ A„qL$s L$f_pfp Ap Ap¡gfpDÞX$f_u epv$ L$v$u hpku _ \pe A¡hy„ A¡L$ çeyrTed b_¡, Adftkl rhi¡ s¡d_p `yÓ rhS>ecpCA¡ k„Ofu fpM¡gu kpdN°u s¡dp„ âv$ri®s \pe, q¾$L¡$V$frkepAp¡ A_¡ q¾$L¡$V$fp¡_¡ fpS>L$p¡V$ ky^u M¢Qu gph¡ A_¡ NyS>fpsuAp¡-cpfsuep¡_¡ s¡ Np¥fh\u fp¡dp„rQs L$f¡...

k`_p„ Å¡hp `f ¼ep„ ârsb„^ R>¡?