fd¡i d¡__

c|s`|h® L$pev$p â^p_ fpd S>¡W$dgpZuA¡ cpfs_p dy¿e Þeped|rs® X$p¡. Apv$i® k¡_ Ap_„v$ `f S>du__p L$p¥cp„X$dp„ k„X$p¡hZu_p¡ Apn¡` L$ep£ Ðepf¡ v¡$icfdp„ lgQg dQu NC lsu. s¡d_p„ `Ð_u dpgp Ap_„v$ A_¡ s¡d_p„ kpky kyiugp tkl Üpfp dÝe âv¡$idp„ 114 A¡L$f_u S>du_ d¡mhhp dpV¡$ âepkp¡ \ep s¡ k„v$c®dp„ S>¡W$dgpZuA¡ Apn¡`p¡ L$ep® lsp. Ap S>du_ R>¡L$ 1950_p v$peL$pdp„ dpgp Ap_„v$_p v$pv$p A_¡ r`sp_¡ dmu lsu. s¡_p¡ hpfkp¡ d¡mhhp_u L$p_|_u gX$pC Ap rhhpv$_y„ d|m R>¡.

dpgp Ap_„v$ A_¡ s¡d_p„ dpspA¡ dÖpk lpC L$p¡V®$dp„ L¡$k L$fu_¡ Ap S>du__p¡ L$bÅ¡ dpÁep¡ lsp¡. ÓZ QyL$pv$pAp¡ bpv$ dÝe âv¡$i kfL$pf_¡ Av$pgs¡ Apv¡$i Apàep¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap bÞ_¡_¡ h¥L$[ë`L$ S>Áep Ap`hu A\hp sp¡ ê$r`ep 1 L$fp¡X$ 24 gpM_y„ hmsf Ap`hy„. L¡$V$gpL$ gp¡L$p¡ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap S>du__u qL„$ds dpÓ R> gpM ê$r`ep S> R>¡.

lh¡ khpg A¡ R>¡ L¡ dÝe âv¡$i kfL$pf lpC L$p¡V®$_p Ap QyL$pv$p kpd¡ A`ug L¡$d L$fsu _\u? Ap QyL$pv$p_¡ `X$L$pfsu AfÆ dy¿e â^p_ qv$[ÁhS>e tkl¡ `pR>u L¡$d M¢Qu gu^u? Ap b^p_p¡ S>hpb d¡mhhp `l¡gp sp¡ Ap S>du__p¡ Brslpk s`pkuA¡ A_¡ s¡ dpV¡$ Qpgp¡ r``fp¡X$ Npd¡, Äep„ Ap S>du_ Aph¡gu R>¡.

r``fp¡X$ Npd_p v$pD rb°S>¡ÞÖ tkl 77 hj®_p \ep R>¡. Ap S> Npddp„ s¡dZ¡ hjp£ L$pY$u _p¿ep„ R>¡, `Z ApS>L$pg il¡fdp„\u `ÓL$pfp¡ Aphu_¡ s¡d_¡ khpgp¡ `|R>¡ R>¡ s¡_u s¡d_¡ _hpC gpNu flu R>¡. "Ap` kb Qua S>[õV$kÆ L¡$ `uR>¡ ¼ep¢ `X¡$ lp¡?' A¡d `|R>u_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$, "A¡ sp¡ blz kpfp dpZk R>¡. S>¡W$dgpZu iy„ bp¡g¡ R>¡ s¡_y„ s¡d_¡ cp_ _\u.'

rb°S>¡ÞÖtkl dpgp Ap_„v$_p Ly$Vy„$bu R>¡. s¡d_u `p¡sp_u Al] rhipm hpX$u R>¡. rb°S>¡ÞÖtkl 26 hj®_p lsp Ðepf¡ dpgp Ap_„v$_p r`sp evy$_p\ tkl A_¡ v$pv$p rNf^pfu tkl bÞ_¡_¡ dÝe âv¡$i kfL$pf¡ r``fp¡X$dp„ 114 huOp S>du_ M¡su L$fhp Ap`u lsu. Ap bÞ_¡ gíL$fdp„ S>_fg A_¡ d¡S>f S>_fg S>¡hp lp¡Øp `f flu Q|¼ep lsp.

rb°S>¡ÞÖtkl `Z A¡f ap¡k®dp„ lsp, `Z _p¡L$fu L$fu_¡ L„$V$pþep A¡V$g¡ afu M¡su L$fhp dpNsp lsp. AguNY$dp„ s¡d_u S>du_ lsu, `Z S>du_v$pfu L$pev$p l¡W$m 1950dp„ s¡ S>su flu. s¡dZ¡ hs_ R>p¡X$u_¡ dÝe âv¡$i_p Ny_p il¡fdp„ fl¡hp_y„ _½$u L$e¯y.

Ny_pdp„ s¡d_¡ A¡L$ kNp W$pLy$f `fdgtkl sp¡df dþep. s¡Ap¡ L$ÞTh£V$f Ap¡a ap¡f¡õV$ sfuL¡$ r_h©Ñ \ep lsp. s¡dZ¡ rb°S>¡ÞÖ tkl_¡ S>du_ d¡mhhp_p¡ fõsp¡ kyTpX$ép¡.

A¡ hMs¡ dÝe âv¡$i kfL$pf¡ r``fp¡X$_p NpY$ S>„Ngdp„ dp_hhkrs Ecu L$fhp A_¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ M¡su L$fsp„ L$fhp ep¡S>_p b_phu lsu. S>¡ `Z ìe[¼s Al] hkhpV$ L$fu_¡ M¡su L$fhp dpN¡ s¡_¡ kfL$pf kph dasdp„ S>du_ Ap`su lsu. bÞ_¡ Ny_p_p L$g¡¼V$f_¡ dþep A_¡ 1300 huOp (650 A¡L$f) S>du__u dpNZu L$fu. L$g¡¼V$f¡ r``fp¡X$dp„ s¡d_¡ S>„Ng_p¡ A¡L$ Vy$L$X$p¡ bspìep¡. `f„sy A¡L$>kp\¡ A¡L$ S> S>Z_¡ ApV$gu b^u S>du_ _ Ap`u iL$pe A¡d L$g¡¼V$f¡ L$üy„.

rb°S>¡ÞÖtkl¡ `p¡sp_p cpCAp¡, r`sfpCAp¡_¡ dmu_¡ s¡d_p _pd hp`fhp_u d„S|>fu d¡mhu. A¡ fus¡ Sy>v$p„ Sy>v$p„ _pd¡ S>du__p Vy$L$X$p A`pep, `Z b^p bpSy> bpSy>dp„. s¡dp„ dpgp Ap_„v$_p r`sp A_¡ v$pv$p_p bÞ_¡_p _pd¡ rb°S>¡ÞÖ tkl¡ 57-57 A¡L$f S>du_ gMphu lsu. A¡ fus¡ 114 huOp S>du_ dy¿e Þepep^ui Ap_„v$_p kkfp A_¡ hX$kkfp_p _pd¡ \C lsu, S>¡ ApS>¡ rhhpv$_p¡ dyØp¡ b_u R>¡.

rb°S>¡ÞÖtkl L$l¡ R>¡, "Al] sp¡ S>„Ng rkhpe L$iy„ _lp¡sy„. S>„Ngu `iyAp¡ Ap„V$p dpfsp„ lsp„. hjp£_u dl¡_s¡ S>„Ng L$p`u_¡ Al] M¡sf b_phu iL$pey„ R>¡. S>du_ cg¡ das dmu, `Z ApL$fu dl¡_s L$fu_¡ s¡_¡ M¡sugpeL$ Adpf¡ b_phhu `X$u R>¡. Apdp„ dy¿e Þepep^ui_p„ `Ð_u_y„ _pd _ Apìey„ lp¡s sp¡ L$p¡CA¡ Ýep_ `Z _ Apàey„ lsy„.'

Ap fus¡ A¡L$\u h^y kNp„Ap¡_¡ S>du_ dmu `Z lL$uL$sdp„ rb°S>¡ÞÖtkl S> s¡_p `f M¡su L$fsp lsp. hkpls Ecu L$fhp_u S>¡ ep¡S>_p l¡W$m S>du_ A`pC lsu, s¡dp„ ÓZ dy¿e ifsp¡ lsu- (1) S>du_dprgL¡$ Al] S> hkhpV$ L$fhp¡, (2) s¡dZ¡ S>du_ `f M¡su L$fhu, (3) s¡dZ¡ S>du_ `f_u dl¡k|g cfhu. Apdp„_u A¡L$`Z ifs_y„ `pg_ _ \pe sp¡ kfL$pf S>du_ `pR>u gC iL¡$.

rb°S>¡ÞÖtkl Al] flu_¡ M¡su L$fsp lsp, `Z Qua S>[õV$k_p kkfp L¡$ kkfp_p r`sp evy$_p\ L¡$ qNf^pfu tkl Al] L$v$u fl¡hp _lp¡sp Apìep L¡$ _lp¡su L$v$u M¡su L$fu. s¡dZ¡ L$v$u dl¡k|g `Z cfu _lp¡su. dl¡k|g A¡ hMs¡ hj£ 60 ê$r`ep S>¡V$gu lsu. Ap r_edp¡_y„ `pg_ \sy„ _lp¡sy„ A¡V$g¡ 1973dp„ Ny_p_p L$g¡¼V$f¡ S>du_ `pR>u gC gu^u. rb°S>¡ÞÖ tkl `Z L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ evy$_p\ tkl Al] M¡su L$fhp _lp¡sp dpNsp `Z Apîd b_phhp dpNsp lsp.

dÝe âv¡$i kfL$pf¡ dpgp Ap_„v$_p r`sp A_¡ v$pv$p_¡ `|fsp¡ kde Apàep¡ lsp¡ A¡d L$lu iL$pe, L¡$d L¡$ S>du_ Apàep `R>u 22 hj® fpl Å¡ep `R>u 1973dp„ s¡ `pR>u gC gu^u. r_edp¡_y„ `pg_ _ \ey„ lp¡hp\u ÓZ S> hj®dp„ kfL$pf S>du_ `pR>u gC iL$u lp¡s. kfL$pf¡ S>du__p¡ L$bÅ¡ gC gu^p¡ A¡ `R>u `Z S>du_ A¡d S> DÄS>X$ `X$u flu lsu. 1956dp„ qNf^pfu tkl_y„ A_¡ 1960dp„ evy$_p\ tkl_y„ Ahkp_ \ey„. s¡ hMs¡ dpgp Ap_„v$ L¡$ s¡d_p„ dpspA¡ dl¡k|g Mpsp_¡ s¡_u ÅZ L$fu_¡ S>du__p hpfkp_p¡ L$p¡C v$php¡ L$ep£ _lp¡sp¡. 1973dp„ S>du_ gC g¡hpC s¡ `R>u `Z s¡_p rhfp¡^dp„ L$p¡C v$php¡ \ep¡ _lp¡sp¡. s¡_p A¡L$ hj® `l¡gp„ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ 1972_p kàV¡$çbfdp„ Q„v$¡fu_p _peb dpdgsv$pf¡ kyiugp tkl_¡ kfL$pf S>du_ `pR>u gC g¡hp dpN¡ R>¡ s¡ dsgb_u ÅZ `Z L$fu lsu.

Å¡L¡$ bpv$dp„ Av$pgsdp„ L¡$k \ep¡ Ðepf¡ A¡hu v$gug L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu L¡$ kfL$pf¡ s¡d_¡ L$p¡C ÅZ _lp¡su L$fu. L$p¡V®$_p v$õsph¡Å¡dp„ Ap_p `yfphp `Z R>¡. kyiugp tkl¡ kàV¡$çbf, 1972dp„ A¡L$ `Ó gMu_¡ S>Zpìey„ lsy„ L¡$ s¡dZ¡ rb°S>¡ÞÖtkl_¡ A¡L$ lÅf Apàep lsp s¡_p¡ L$p¡C rlkpb s¡d_¡ dþep¡ _\u L¡$ s¡d_p sfa\u L$p¡C `¥kp dþep _\u. \p¡X$p drl_pdp„ `p¡s¡ dl¡k|g cfu v¡$i¡ A¡d `Z s¡dZ¡ S>Zpìey„ lsy„.

rb°S>¡ÞÖtkl L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ S>du__p dprgL$p¡ hsu dl¡k|g cfsp lsp. `Z s¡d_u `pk¡ AÐepf¡ L$p¡C fkuv$ _\u. "A¡hp L$pNm_p Vy$LX$p L$p¡Z kpQhu_¡ fpM¡,' A¡d s¡Ap¡ L$l¡ R>¡.

v$k¡L$ hj® ky^u S>du_ kfL$pf_p L$bÅdp„ A¡d S> `X$u flu s¡ `R>u s¡_¡ dÝe âv¡$i kuX$ A¡ÞX$ apd® X¡$hg`d¡ÞV$ L$p¡`p£f¡i__¡ d¡, 1983dp„ Ap`u v$u^u. L$p¡`p£f¡i_¡ s¡dp„ kp¡epbu_, QZp s\p buÅ L$W$p¡m_p„ KQu E`S> Ap`sp„ rbepfZ DNpX$hp_y„ iê$ L$ey¯. ApS>¡ sp¡ s¡ rbepfZ_p¡ Apk`pk_p M¡X|$sp¡_¡ dp¡V$p¡ apev$p¡ \C füp¡ R>¡.

huk hj® ky^u Ap S>du_ `f L$p¡C v$php¡ _ \ep¡. `f„sy s¡ `R>u AQp_L$ A¡L$ qv$hk kyiugp tkl¡ dÝe âv¡$i_p dy¿e krQh, L$pev$p krQh A_¡ dl¡k|g krQh_¡ A¡L$ `Ó g¿ep¡ A_¡ v$php¡ L$ep£ L¡$ kuX$ L$p¡`p£f¡i_¡ s¡d_u S>du_ `f v$bpZ L$e¯y R>¡. s¡dZ¡ dpNZu L$fu L¡$ `p¡s¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_u v$uL$fu dpgp Ap_„v$ s¡_p hpfkv$pf R>¡ A¡V$g¡ s¡d_¡ A¡ S>du_ `pR>u kp¢`u v¡$hu.

Ap `Ódp„ s¡dZ¡ kf_pdy„ g¿ey„ lsy„- "L¡$f Ap¡a, X$p¡. A¡. A¡k. Ap_„v$, Qua S>[õV$k lpDk, 23, N°¡_h¡eT fp¡X$, dÖpk.' Ap _p¡qV$k_p ÓuÅ aL$fpdp„ gMhpdp„ Apìey„ lsy„ L¡$, "îudsu dpgp Ap_„v$ dÖpk lpC L$p¡V®$_p dy¿e Þepep^ui X$p¡. A¡. A¡k. Ap_„v$ kp\¡ `fZ¡gp„ R>¡.' NcfpC Ne¡gp krQhp¡A¡ _p¡qV$k L$p¡`p£f¡i__¡ kp¢`u. L$p¡`p£f¡i_¡ Ap S>du_ `f gpMp¡_p¡ MQ® L$fu_¡ s¡_¡ rhL$kphu lsu A¡V$g¡ s¡dZ¡ `p¡sp_p hL$ug fpdÆ idp® Üpfp S>hpb dp¡L$ëep¡.

idp®A¡ dpQ®, 1991dp„ S>hpb gMu dp¡L$ëep¡ L¡$ 1973dp„ g¡ÞX$ f¡h¡Þey A¡¼V$ l¡W$m Ap S>du_ kfL$pf¡ L$bS>¡ gu^u R>¡. Aphp L¡$kdp„ b¡ S> hj®dp„ AfÆ \hu Å¡CA¡. A¡ Å¡sp„ `Z kyiugp tkl_u AfÆ kdedep®v$p_u blpf R>¡ A¡d s¡dZ¡ S>Zpìey„.

Ap_u kpd¡ kyiugp tkl A_¡ dpgp Ap_„v¡$ Q„v¡$fu il¡f_p rkrhg S>S> kdn v$php¡ v$pMg L$ep£ A_¡ r``fp¡X$_u S>du_ `f lL$ dpÁep¡. s¡ hMs¡ Ap_„v$ kyâud L$p¡V®$dp„ Þeped|rs® sfuL¡$ Nep lsp. Q„v¡$fudp„ Ap L¡$k_u spfuMp¡ hpf„hpf `X$u `Z AfS>v$pfp¡ (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ Qua S>[õV$k_p„ kpky A_¡ `Ð_u) L$v$u lpS>f füp„ _lp¡sp„. AfS>v$pfp¡_u srbes kpfu _ lp¡hp\u `|R>`fR> s¡d_p r_hpkõ\p_¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ s¡hu dpNZu s¡d_p hL$ugp¡A¡ L$fu. s¡ dpV¡$ S>¡ r_hpkõ\p__y„ kf_pdy„ A`pey„, 10, syOgL$ fp¡X$ s¡ kyâud L$p¡V®$_p Þepep^ui Ap_„v$_y„ r_hpkõ\p_ lsy„!

Ap bpbs_p¡ L$p¡`p£f¡i__p hL$ug idp®A¡ rhfp¡^ L$ep£ lsp¡ A_¡ L$üy„ lsy„ L¡$ `p¡s¡ kyâud L$p¡V®$_p Þepep^ui_p Of¡ AfS>v$pfp¡_u `|R>`fR> ep¡Áe fus¡ L$fu iL$i¡ _l]. Ap\u rkrhg S>S>¡ A¡hy„ L$üy„ L¡$ r_h¡v$_p¡ _p¢^hpdp„ Aph¡ Ðepf¡ Þepep^ui Ap_„v¡$ Ap¡fX$pdp„ lpS>f fl¡hy„ _l].

A¡ fus¡ 25 qX$k¡çbf, 1995_p fp¡S> L$p¡`p£f¡i__p Ar^L$pfuAp¡, s¡d_p hL$ug, AfS>v$pf_p hL$ug, kfL$pfu hL$ug A_¡ L$p¡V®$_p L$rdi_f Þepep^ui Ap_„v$_p r_hpkõ\p_¡ `lp¢Ãep. Ap_„v¡$ s¡d_¡ AphL$pep® A_¡ `R>u `p¡s¡ Ðep„\u blpf S>sp füp.

dpgp Ap_„v¡$ lh¡ `p¡sp_p r_h¡v$_dp„ gMpìey„ L¡$

(1) `p¡sp_p r`sp evy$_p\ tkl A_¡ v$pv$p qNf^pfu tkl S>du_ `f fl¡sp _lp¡sp, (2) s¡dZ¡ `p¡s¡ 1989 `l¡gp„ L$v$u s¡ S>du__u dygpL$ps gu^u _lp¡su, (3) s¡dZ¡ `p¡sp_p r`sp L¡$ v$pv$p_p Ahkp__u Mbf dl¡k|g rhcpN_¡ _lp¡su L$fu, (4) kfL$pf¡ s¡d_u S>du_ Ap`u lp¡e s¡ rhi¡_p L$p¡C lzL$d rhi¡ s¡d_¡ Mbf _lp¡su, (5) Ap S>du_ `f 1951\u 1976 ky^u M¡su _lp¡su \su, (6) S>du_ dl¡k|g cfpC R>¡ L¡$ L¡$d s¡_u s¡d_¡ Mbf _lp¡su, (7) s¡d_p„ dpsp kyiugp tkl¡ L$p¡C r_h¡v$_ Apàey„ _lp¡sy„.

dpgp Ap_„v$_y„ r_h¡v$_ _p¢^pC Ney„ s¡ `R>u Þepep^ui Ap_„v¡$ s¡ gp¡L$p¡_¡ rhv$pe Ap`u.

(h^y lh¡ `R>u)

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?