Do numbers make your head spin? Were you a math hater in school? Or perhaps you are just too laid back to worry about planning and wisely remark, "Take each day as it comes, the rest will take care of itself!".
Actually that might be the truth, things seldom happen according to plan. However, if you believe in the power of self-reliance, then you should probably sit up and take notice.
Money is essential for survival and we exchange it for most of our essential and not so essential needs ranging from basic comforts to luxuries we desire. It would not augur well to wake up one day and realize the coffers are empty and all our resources have run dry!
Let us put away that dreaded thought and focus instead on ways to have access to funds when we need them the most like for instance, a job loss or an emergency surgery for a loved one! Here budgeting comes into play.
Planning your budget makes you aware of your financial situation and helps you create a contingency fund to tap into, when in need. Now how do you start preparing to put money consistently into this contingency fund?
Fixed expenses vs flexible expenses
Step A: If you are someone used to hard cash and don't like the idea of a credit or debit card, then you just need to calculate your a week's regular expenses and multiply that into four, to get your monthly outflow.
If you are someone who likes detail (that would be even better) then allocate expenses under different categories like food, transport to work, shopping, entertainment, et cetera and you can further divide the categories into groceries, eating out, etc.
The detailed break up will help you pin point exactly where you are overspending and take a conscious step to curb those expenses. You should divide these expenses under two broad categories: fixed expenses and flexible expenses.
For example, under the fixed expenses your loans, utilities, services availed etc. will be clubbed and flexible expenses could include dining out, entertainment, shopping for clothes etc.
Spending forecast plan
Step B: Chalk out a 'spending forecast' plan. Evaluate what are the things you need to buy in all the five main areas -- household, transport, food, entertainment, other needs and set aside monies for that. Other needs may include emotional expenses like that snazzy electric guitar you always wanted to buy to cultivate an entertaining hobby, or a wardrobe upgrade, a professional course you were planning etc.
Contingency fund - I
Step C: Evaluate a scenario where you may be out of a job, then you need to figure out how much you spend each month and then set aside that money x 6 months as something to fall back on, when fate hands you a raw deal like a lay off. This way you ensure that you can be self reliant and can be prepared for unforeseen emergencies.
Contingency fund - II
Step D: Set aside some money apart from a medical insurance for any sudden, short term medical expenses you are likely to incur. Keep this cash very accessible and yet be disciplined enough not to dip into it.
Once you have identified the fund boxes -- Spending forecast, contingency fund for job loss and medical expenses, be dedicated and generate your money flow into these funds consistently. This could be once a quarter but it would be more manageable if its once a month.
Before this final step of dividing the savings, you need to save every month! If you are like most of us, who notice the funds have run dry just a few days before the paycheck is due to arrive, relax! There is a way around it.
Create another account, which perhaps gives you a good return interest rate on your savings and enable an auto transfer of a percentage of your funds (which takes care of Steps C and D) based on your calculations, on a suitable date of every month to this alternate account.
Keep this parked cash out of your reach and from here invest it in suitable financial instruments, which can be liquidated when the need arises or simply keep it here and let it accumulate interest.
Here is an example of a typical monthly budget for your understanding:
|
Monthly Budget Sheet | ||||||||
|
INCOME |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference |
[42] |
MONTHLY BUDGET SUMMARY |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference |
|
Salary & Income |
80,000.00 |
80,000.00 |
- |
Total Income |
80000 |
80000 |
0 | |
|
Interest Income |
|
|
- |
Total Expenses |
79160 |
73900 |
5,260.00 | |
|
Dividends |
|
|
- |
NET |
840 |
6100 |
5260 | |
|
Gifts Received |
|
|
- |
|
|
| ||
|
Refunds/Reimbursements |
|
|
- |
|
|
| ||
|
Transfer From Savings |
|
|
- |
DAILY LIVING |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference | |
|
Other |
|
|
- |
Groceries |
3,000.00 |
2,500.00 |
500.00 | |
|
Other |
|
|
- |
Personal Supplies |
|
|
- | |
|
Total INCOME |
80,000.00 |
80,000.00 |
- |
Clothing |
|
|
- | |
|
Cleaning |
500.00 |
500.00 |
- | |||||
|
HOME EXPENSES |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference |
Education/Lessons |
|
|
- | |
|
Home loan/Rent |
10,000.00 |
10,000.00 |
- |
Dining/Eating Out |
1,400.00 |
1,000.00 |
400.00 | |
|
Home Insurance |
5,000.00 |
5,000.00 |
- |
Salon/Barber |
|
|
- | |
|
Electricity |
500.00 |
1,000.00 |
(500.00) |
Pet Food |
3,000.00 |
2,000.00 |
1,000.00 | |
|
Petrol/Diesel |
300.00 |
280.00 |
20.00 |
Other |
|
|
- | |
|
Water/Sewer/Trash |
400.00 |
360.00 |
40.00 |
|
Total DAILY LIVING |
7,900.00 |
6,000.00 |
1,900.00 |
|
Phone |
1,000.00 |
600.00 |
400.00 |
ENTERTAINMENT |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference | |
|
Cable/Satellite |
300.00 |
300.00 |
- |
Videos/DVDs |
|
|
- | |
|
Internet |
1,000.00 |
1,000.00 |
- |
Music |
|
|
- | |
|
Furnishings/Appliances |
0.00 |
0.00 |
- |
Games |
|
|
- | |
|
Lawn/Garden |
0.00 |
0.00 |
- |
Rentals |
|
|
- | |
|
Maintenance/Supplies |
500.00 |
500.00 |
- |
Movies/Theater |
500.00 |
300.00 |
200.00 | |
|
Improvements |
0.00 |
0.00 |
- |
Concerts/Plays |
500.00 |
300.00 |
200.00 | |
|
Other |
0.00 |
0.00 |
- |
Books |
500.00 |
200.00 |
300.00 | |
|
Total HOME EXPENSES |
19,000.00 |
19,040.00 |
(40.00) |
Hobbies |
200.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 | |
|
TRANSPORTATION |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference |
Film/Photos |
300.00 |
300.00 |
- | |
|
Vehicle Payments |
6,000.00 |
6,000.00 |
- |
Sports |
|
|
- | |
|
Auto Insurance |
150.00 |
150.00 |
- |
Outdoor Recreation |
1,000.00 |
700.00 |
300.00 | |
|
Fuel |
4,000.00 |
3,000.00 |
1,000.00 |
Toys/Gadgets |
|
|
- | |
|
Bus/Taxi/Train Fare |
300.00 |
300.00 |
- |
Vacation/Travel |
300.00 |
300.00 |
- | |
|
Repairs |
|
|
- |
Other |
|
|
- | |
|
Registration/License |
|
|
- |
Total ENTERTAINMENT |
3,300.00 |
2,200.00 |
1,100.00 | |
|
Other |
|
|
- |
SAVINGS |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference | |
|
Total TRANSPORTATION |
10,450.00 |
9,450.00 |
1,000.00 |
Emergency Funds |
2,000.00 |
2,000.00 |
- | |
|
HEALTH |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference |
Transfer to Savings Account |
20,000.00 |
20,000.00 |
- | |
|
Health Insurance |
500.00 |
200.00 |
300.00 |
Retirement Funds |
1,000.00 |
1,000.00 |
- | |
|
Doctor/Dentist |
|
|
- |
Investments |
10,000.00 |
10,000.00 |
- | |
|
Medicine/Drugs |
300.00 |
200.00 |
100.00 |
Education |
|
|
- | |
|
Health Club Dues |
1,000.00 |
1,000.00 |
- |
Other |
|
|
- | |
|
Life Insurance |
|
|
- |
Total SAVINGS |
33,000.00 |
33,000.00 |
- | |
|
Veterinarian/Pet Care |
500.00 |
600.00 |
(100.00) |
OBLIGATIONS |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference | |
|
Other |
|
|
- |
Education Loan |
|
|
- | |
|
Total HEALTH |
2,300.00 |
2,000.00 |
300.00 |
Other Loan |
|
|
- | |
|
CHARITY/GIFTS |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference |
Credit Cards |
3,000.00 |
2,000.00 |
1,000.00 | |
|
Gifts Given |
|
|
- |
Children's fund |
|
|
- | |
|
Charitable Donations |
|
|
- |
Income tax |
|
|
- | |
|
Religious Donations |
|
|
- |
House tax |
|
|
- | |
|
Other |
|
|
- |
Other |
|
|
- | |
|
Total CHARITY/GIFTS |
- |
- |
- |
Total OBLIGATIONS |
3,000.00 |
2,000.00 |
1,000.00 | |
|
SUBSCRIPTIONS |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference |
MISCELLANEOUS |
Budget |
Actual |
Difference | |
|
Newspaper |
210.00 |
210.00 |
- |
Bank Fees |
|
|
- | |
|
Magazines |
|
|
- |
Stamp Duty/ Registration |
|
|
- | |
|
Dues/Memberships |
|
|
- |
Other |
|
|
- | |
|
Other |
|
|
- |
Other |
|
|
- | |
|
Total SUBSCRIPTIONS |
210.00 |
210.00 |
- |
Total MISCELLANEOUS |
- |
- |
- | |
