Photographs: Kai Pfaffenbach/Reuters
Some companies spend a lot on research and development to stay ahead in business. Booz & Company, a consultancy, has ranked firms based on R & D spending in 2011.
Let's take a look at some of these companies.
Source: The Economist
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Yuriko Nakao/Reuters
Toyota
Country: Japan
R&D spending (2011): $9.9 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 4.2 per cent
Global rank: 1
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Christian Hartmann/Reuters
Novartis
Country: Switzerland
R&D spending (2011): $9.7 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 16.4 per cent
Global rank: 2
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Arnd Wiegmann/Reuters
Roche
Country: Switzerland
R&D spending (2011): $9.6 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 19.6 per cent
Global rank: 3
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Jeff Christensen/Reuters
Pfizer
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $9.5 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 13.5 per cent
Global rank: 4
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Charles Platiau/Reuters
Microsoft
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $9.4 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 12.9 per cent
Global rank: 5
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Jo Yong hak/Reuters
Samsung
Country: South Korea
R&D spending (2011): $9.4 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 6.1 per cent
Global rank: 6
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Denis Balibouse/Reuters
Merck
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $8.4 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 17.6 per cent
Global rank: 7
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Claro Cortes/Reuters
Intel
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $8.3 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 15.5 per cent
Global rank: 8
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Rebecca Cook/Reuters
General Motors
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $8.1 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 5.4 per cent
Global rank: 9
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Michaela Rehle/Reuters
Nokia
Country: Finland
R&D spending (2011): $7.8 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 14.5 per cent
Global rank: 10
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Fabian Bimmer/Reuters
Volkswagen
Country: Germany
R&D spending (2011): $7.7 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 3.5 per cent
Global rank: 11
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Rick Wilking/Reuters
Johnson & Johnson
Country: Germany
R&D spending (2011): $7.6 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 11.6 per cent
Global rank: 12
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: John Schults/Reuters
Sanofi
Country: France
R&D spending (2011): $6.3 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 14.4 per cent
Global rank: 13
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Yuriko Nakao/Reuters
Panasonic
Country: Japan
R&D spending (2011): $6.2 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 6.6 per cent
Global rank: 14
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Chaiwat Subprasom/Reuters
Honda
Country: Japan
R&D spending (2011): $6.2 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 6.5 per cent
Global rank: 15
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Toby Melville/Reuters
GlaxoSmithKline
Country: The United Kingdom
R&D spending (2011): $6.1 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 14.3 per cent
Global rank: 16
...
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
Photographs: Philippe Wojazer/Reuters
IBM
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $6.1 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 5.9 per cent
Global rank: 17
article