India will receive record $70 billion remittances in the year 2012, topping the list of developing countries which are expected to receive a total of $406 billion this year, the World Bank has said.
After India, China will stand second with $66 billion, followed by Mexico and the Philippines with $24 billion each, a latest report by the bank said on Tuesday.
In all, worldwide remittances -- including those to high-income countries -- will reach $534 billion in 2012, according to a newly updated World Bank brief on global migration and remittances.
Other large recipients are Nigeria ($21 billion), Egypt ($18 billion), $14 billion each for Pakistan and Bangladesh, followed by Vietnam ($9 billion) and Lebanon ($7 billion).
Officially recorded remittance flows to developing countries are estimated to grow by 6.5 per cent over $351 billion in 2011, with India again topping the chart with $58 billion, followed by China ($57 billion), Mexico ($24 billion) and the Philippines ($23 billion).
Worldwide remittances, including those to high-income countries, are projected to grow to $685 billion in 2015.
According to the World Bank, remittances to developing countries are expected to rise eight per cent in 2013 and 10 per cent in 2014 to reach $534 billion in 2015.
In its report, the World Bank notes that the true size of remittance flows, including unrecorded flows through formal and informal channels, is believed to be significantly larger.
"Compared to private capital flows, remittance flows have shown remarkable resilience since the global financial crisis, registering only a modest fall in 2009, followed by a rapid recovery.
"The size of remittance flows to developing countries is now more than three times that of official development assistance," the Bank said.
Among the developing country regions, South Asia and West Asia and North African saw the strongest growth, driven primarily by strong economic activity in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries.
For South Asia, remittances in 2012 are expected to total $109 billion, an increase of 12.5 per cent over 2011.
East Asia and Pacific region, is estimated to attract $114 billion, an increase of 7.2 per cent over 2011; while MENA is expected to receive $47 billion, an increase of 8.4 per cent over the previous year.
Remittances to Egypt have surged since 2010, perhaps driven by increased support by migrants to their families in the face of political uncertainty or savings brought by returning migrants.
Remittances to Latin America and Caribbean were supported by a recovering economy and moderately improving labour market in the US, but were moderated by a weak European economy.
As a percentage of gross domestic product, the top recipients of remittances in 2011 were Tajikistan (47 per cent), Liberia (31 per cent), Kyrgyz Republic (29 per cent), Lesotho (27 per cent), Moldova (23 per cent), Nepal (22 per cent), and Samoa (21 per cent).
Remittances are expected to remain flat to Europe and Central Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa regions, mainly because of the economic contractions in high-income European countries.
Remittance flows to Europe and Central Asia are estimated at a virtually unchanged $41 billion and $31 billion to Sub-Saharan Africa this year, although both regions are projected to make a robust recovery in remittance flows in 2013.
