ls OsbmZs Z{ hmb _| H$í_sa H$m{ EH$ " Ymn_©H$' _gbm H$ama nX`m Wm ·`m{§nH$ CZH{$ AZwgma "H${db _wgb_mZ' hs df© 1947 g{ BgH${ obE Ë`mJ H$a ah{ h¡ & CÝhm{Z{ `h ^s H$hm Wm nH$ AmO H${ H$í_sa _| Y_©nZa[{jVm H$s H$m{B© OJh Zhs h¡ &

hwna©`V H${ àdº$m Z{ ]Vm`m nH$ ls OsbmZs H$m{ AmO H$s ]¡RH$ _| Am_§nÌV Zhs§ nH$`m J`m VmnH$ AÝ` gXñ` O_mV H${ _gb{ [a IwbH$a A[Z{ ndMma ì`º$ H$a gH${§ & CÝhm§{Z{ ]Vm`m nH$ H$m`©H$mas [nafX H${ g^s [m§M gXñ` AÜ`j àm{.AãXwb JZs ^Q,AãXwb JZs bm{Z, _m¡bds C_a \$méH$, _m¡bmZm Aã]mg A§gmas Am¡a e{I AãXwb AOsO ]¡RH$ _| ^mJ b{ ah{ h¡§ &

Oå_y-H$í_sa nb]a{eZ \«§$Q (O{H${EbE\$) H$m ànVnZnYËd _m{hå_X `mgrZ _nbH$ H{$ eha g{ ]mha hm{Z{ H${ H$maU ]esa Ah_X ^Q H$a ah{ h§¡ &

àdº$m Z{ ]Vm`m nH$ OsbmZs H${ hmb H${ dº$ì` g{ CË[Þ nñWnV [a ndMma-nd_e© nH$`m Om ahm h¡ &

hwna©`V H${ àdº$m Z{ ]Vm`m nH$ ls nJbmZs H$m{ ]¡RH$ _| Bgnb`{ Am_§nÌV Zhs nH$`m J`m h¡ VmnH$ g^s gXñ` A[Z{ ndMma IwbH$a aI gH${§ Am¡a IwbH$a Bg [ya{ _gb{ [a ndMmand_e© nH$`m Om gH${ &

O_mEV-E-Bñbm_s H$s gdm{©ÀM g§ñWm "_Onbg-E-eyam ' Z{ A[Z{ [yd© [XmnYH$mas nJbmZs H$s H$í_sa [a H$s JB© nQß[Us H$m{ ImnaO H$a nX`m Am¡a H$í_sa H$m{ EH$ " amOZsnVH$ E§d _mZds` g_ñ`m ' ]VmV{ hw`{ H$hm h¡ nH$ BgH$m g_mYmZ e§mnV[yU© VasH${ g{ hs hm{ gH$Vm h¡ &

àdº$m Z{ H$hm nH$ ]¡RH$ _| ]mX _| g§`wº$ amï­ H${ _hmgnMd H$m{\$s AÞmZ H${ Cg dº$ì` [a ^s ndMma nH$`m Om`{Jm nOg_| CÝhm{Z{ H$í_sa _wÔ{ H${ g_mYmZ H${ nb`{ g§`wº$ amï­ àñVmd H${ nH«$`mÝd`Z H$s g§^mdZmAm{§ g{ B§H$ma H$a nX`m h¡ &

CÝhm{Z{ ]Vm`m nH$ ]¡RH$ _| H${ÝÐs` J¥h_§Ìs bmbH$¥îU AmSdmUs H${ dº$ì` H$s ^s MMm© H$s Om`{Js nOg_| CÝhm{Z{ ^maV Am¡a [mnH$ñVmZ H${ ]sM hwna©`V H$s _Ü`ñWVm g{ B§H$ma H$a nX`m h¡ $&

dmVm©

Bg na[m{Q>© H{$ ]ma{ _| Am[H$s am` ·`m h¡?