Ap`Ï„ Q¡s_ps„Ó bl¡f dpfu Åe, Ap„M¡ Å¡e¡gy„ A_¡ L$p_¡ kp„cm¡gy„ dp_hp_¡ d_ _l] \pe A¡hu Ap hps R>¡. a¼s NyS>fps kfL$pf S> _l], kdN° NyS>fpsu kdpS>¡ dp\y„ ifd\u _uQy„ L$fu v¡$hy„ `X¡$ A¡hu Ap hps R>¡. BÞap¡rkV$u A_¡ BÞap¡V¡$L$_p S>dp_pdp„, hjp£\u rhfp¡^ \sp¡ lp¡hp R>sp„, ÅsSÅs_p L$pev$p L$p_|_ lp¡hp R>sp„ NyS>fpsdp„ ApS>¡ `Z (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ 2000_u kpg_u 31du Sy>gpCA¡ `Z) dp_h dm-d|Ó_¡ dp\¡ D`pX$u_¡ kapC L$fhp_u â\p NyS>fps_p„ L¡$V$gp„L$ Npdp¡dp„ Qpgy R>¡.

1969-70_p Np„^u ispåv$u hj®\u NyS>fpsdp„ "c„Nu L$ô$dy[¼s'_p¡ L$pe®¾$d Adgdp„ d|L$hpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. Ap L$pe®¾$d_p Qpf DØ¡ip¡ lsp : (1) OfpL$u â\p_u _pb|v$u (2) dp\¡ d¡gy„ (X$bp ÅS>ê$) D`pX$hp_u _pb|v$u (3) _hp X$bp ÅS>ê$ b_sp„ AV$L$phhp„ A_¡ (4) Qpgy X$bp ÅS>ê$_y„ k„X$pkdp„ ê$`p„sf L$fhy„. 1993dp„ dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p `f ârsb„^ d|L$sp¡ L$pev$p¡ (A¡çàgp¡ed¡ÞV$ Ap¡a d¡ÞeyAg õL¡$h¡ÞS>k® A¡ÞX$ L$ÞõV²$¼i_ Ap¡a X²$pe g¡V$fu_ âp¡ql$rbi_ A¡¼V$) gp¡L$kcpA¡ `kpf L$ep£ lsp¡. Apd R>sp„ NyS>fpsdp„ lÆ ky^u dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p _pb|v$ \C _\u.

`pfL$p_p„ hpX$p A_¡ Ap„NZp„ Qp¡¿Mp fpMhp dpV¡$ dm-d|Ó_¡ lp\\u D`pX$_pfp NyS>fpsuAp¡ L$p¡Z R>¡? kdpS> A¡d_u kp\¡ L¡$hy„ hs®_ L$f¡ R>¡? kfL$pf A¡d_u kdõepAp¡ âÐe¡ L¡$V$gu kcp_ R>¡? d¡g„y D`pX$hp_y„ L$pd L$fsp hpëduqL$ (ANpD S>¡Ap¡ c„Nu sfuL¡$ Ap¡mMpsp lsp A_¡ S>dp_pAp¡ ky^u s¡Ap¡ dp\¡ d¡gy„ KQL$sp lsp) kdpS>_u dS>b|fu, Nfubu, lÆe hpf„hpf \sp A¡d_p õhdp_c„N, kdpS>_p sdpd hNp£ Üpfp A¡d_y„ \s„y fl¡sy„ ip¡jZ A_¡ crhóedp„ Apip_y„ L$p¡C qL$fZ _l] v¡$Mpsp A¡d_u Ap„Mp¡dp„ v¡$Mpsu lspip A_¡ lpf_u hpsp¡ ApS>\u Ad¡ qfqX$a.L$p¡ddp„ iê$ L$fuA¡ R>uA¡. õ\m `f S>C, kapC L$pdv$pf cpC-bl¡_p¡_¡ dmu_¡ s¥epf L$fpe¡gu Ap g¡Mdpmp hp„Qu_¡ sdpfu k„h¡v$_iugsp_p¡ A¡L$pv$ spf TZlZ¡ sp¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$_pfpAp¡_p DÙpf dpV¡$ sd¡ sdpfp hs__p Npddp„ s`pk L$fip¡ A_¡ Ås¡ S> L$p¡C A¡¼i_ g¡ip¡.

Adv$phpv$\u Apif¡ 150 qL$gp¡duV$f v|$f ^„^|L$p spgyL$pdp„ fpZ`yf _pd_y„ Npd R>¡. Npd_u Apif¡ 15,000_u hkrsdp„\u dy[õgd, L$p¡mu `V¡$g, l\hpfp, gylpZp A_¡ hprZepAp¡_u hkrs 75 V$L$p S>¡V$gu A_¡ bpL$u_u 25 V$L$p hkqs v$rgsp¡_u R>¡. fpZ`yf_p v$rgshpkdp„ 38 hj®_u Jdf_p Q„`L$cpC hpO¡gp fl¡ R>¡. hpëduqL$ kdpS>_p Q„`L$cpCA¡ 1981dp„ bu.A¡._u qX$N°u gu^u lsu. Q„`L$cpC ApS>¡ fpZ`yf_u i¡fuAp¡dp„ kapCL$pdv$pf sfuL¡$ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡. kapCL$pddp„ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u L$pdNufu_p¡ kdph¡i `Z \C Åe R>¡. kpdpÞe fus¡ dp¡V$p cpN_u ìe[¼sAp¡_¡ `p¡sp_p„ S> dm-d|Ó_u kapC L$fhu `X¡$ sp¡ `Z Qusfu QY$su lp¡e R>¡ Äepf¡ Ap N°¡ÄeyA¡V$ ìe[¼sA¡ `pfL$pAp¡_y„ d¡gy„ D`pX$u_¡ fp¡Æ L$dphu `X¡$ R>¡. Q„`L$cpC L$l¡ R>¡, ""L$pev$p¡ Apìep `R>u dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p Qp¡`X¡$ _pb|v$ \C R>¡ Mfu. fpZ`yfdp„ ApS>¡ hpX$pk„X$pk _\u A¡V$g¡ ApV$gp„ hjp£ ky^u hpX$pk„X$pkdp„ S>dp \sp dm_u kapC dpV¡$ Ad¡ dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$sp. Å¡L¡$ hpX$pk„X$pk _pb|v$ \hp\u dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p _pb|v$ _\u \C. Npd_u i¡fuAp¡dp„ A_¡ buÅ„ õ\mp¡A¡ gp¡L$p¡ Ål¡fdp„ dmÐepN L$f¡ R>¡ A¡_¡ `phX$p hX¡$ Dg¡Qu, sNpfpdp„ cfu_¡ Adpf¡ V²¡$¼V$fdp„ W$pghhp_y„ lp¡e R>¡. lh¡ sd¡ L$lp¡ L¡$ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p _pb|v$ L$C fus¡ \C L$l¡hpe?''

rhð_y„ kp¥\u AZNdsy„ L$pd L$fhp_p Q„`L$cpC_¡ drl_¡ ê$. 1200 dm¡ R>¡. A_¡ A¡ `Z drl_p_p Óuk¡ qv$hk L$pd L$f¡ Ðepf¡. budpfu L¡$ buÅ L$p¡C L$pfZkf s¡Ap¡ kapCL$pd¡ _l] Åe Ðepf¡ A¡ qv$hk_p ê$. 40_u fp¡Æ s¡Ap¡ Nydph¡. Q„`L$cpC_¡ Qpf k„sp_p¡ R>¡. `Ð_u kqls A¡d_p R> S>Z_p Ly$Vy„$b¡ ê$. 1200dp„ NyÅfp¡ L$fhp¡ `X¡$ R>¡ A_¡ A¡ `Z qX$N°u gu^p `R>u.

M¡v$ A_¡ ìe\p kp\¡ s¡Ap¡ qfqX$a.L$p¡d_¡ L$l¡ R>¡, ""lz„ cZsp¡ lsp¡ Ðepf¡ A¡d lsy„ L¡$ cZui sp¡ Adpfp kdpS>_p¡, Adpfp Ly$Vy„$b_p¡ DÙpf L$fu iL$ui. d¢ L¡$hp„ L¡$hp„ k`_p„Ap¡ Å¡ep„ lsp„? N°¡ÄeyA¡V$ \ep `R>u _p¡L$fu dpV¡$ BãL$p¡, f¡gh¡, A¡fgpBÞk... b^¡ S> âeÐ_p¡ L$ep® lsp. dy„bC A_¡ `|_p ky^u BÞV$fìey Ap`hp Nep¡ lsp¡. ÓZ hj® ky^u _p¡L$fu_u ip¡^ Qgphu. khZp£ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ad_¡ c„NuAp¡_¡ A_pds_p¡ gpc dm¡ A¡V$g¡ sfs S> _p¡L$fu dmu Åe, `f„sy b^u hprleps hpsp¡ R>¡. kpfp crhóe dpV¡$ d_¡ `¡V¡$ `pV$p bp„^u_¡ cZph_pf dpfp„ dpspr`sp d_¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$sp¡ Å¡C_¡ vy$:Mu \C_¡ qfbpC qfbpC_¡ d©Ðey `pçep„. d_¡ gpN¡ R>¡ L¡$ cZu_¡ `Z Å¡ kapCL$pd S> L$fhp_y„ lp¡e sp¡ _ cZhy„ bl¡sf R>¡.''

fpZ`yf N°pd`„Qpesdp„ 32 S>¡V$gp kapCL$pdv$pfp¡ Qp¡`X¡$ _p¢^pe¡gp R>¡. kfL$pfu Ap„L$X$p âdpZ¡ NyS>fpsdp„ 35,000 S>¡V$gp„ kapCL$pdv$pfp¡ li¡. Å¡L¡$ v$rgs AÞepe kpd¡ gX$s Qgphhp_¡ S> Æh__y„ Ýe¡e b_ph_pf "_hkS>®_ V²$õV' k„õ\p_p dy¿e L$sp®lsp® dpqV®$_ d¡L$hp__p L$l¡hp âdpZ¡ A¡dZ¡ L$f¡gp kh£ âdpZ¡ NyS>fpsdp„ 45,000 S>¡V$gp kapCL$pdv$pfp¡ li¡.

dpqV®$_cpCA¡ qfqX$a.L$p¡d_¡ L$üy„, ""L$pev$p âdpZ¡ dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`X$phhp dpV¡$ S>¡ S>hpbv$pf _½$u \pe A¡_¡ A\hp sp¡ ãgi hNf_p ÅS>ê$ b_ph_pf_¡ 1 hj®_u S>¡g_u kÅ A_¡ ê$. 2,000_p v„$X$_u Å¡NhpC R>¡, `f„sy sL$gua A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap aqfepv$ ku^u L$p¡V®$dp„ L$fu iL$psu _\u. kp¥\u `l¡gp ¼g¡¼V$f_¡ aqfepv$ L$fhu `X¡$ R>¡ A_¡ ¼g¡¼V$f¡ 30 qv$hk_p kdeNpmpdp„ aqfepv$ v$pMg L$fhp_u lp¡e R>¡. NyS>fpsdp„ lÆ ky^u A¡L$`Z qL$õkpdp„ Ap L$pev$p l¡W$m L$p¡C_¡ kÅ \C _\u.''

gp¡L$p¡_p¡ dm dp\¡ KQL$u_¡ DL$fX¡$ gC S>_pfpAp¡_¡ A„N°¡Ædp„ "õL¡$h¡ÞS>k®' L$l¡hpe R>¡. BõV$ B[ÞX$ep L„$`_u hMs¡ S>¡ A„N°¡S> Ar^L$pfu kapCL$pd_p QpS>®dp„ lsp¡ A¡_y„ _pd "õL$¡h¡ÞS>k®' lsy„. ApS>¡ NyS>fps D`fp„s Ap„^° âv¡$i A_¡ spqdg_pXy$dp„ `Z dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$_pfpAp¡ R>¡. dlpfpô²$dp„ d¡gy„ D`pX$_pfpdp„\u dp¡V$p cpN_p NyS>fpsuAp¡ R>¡. lqfS>_, hZL$f, fp¡rls A_¡ hpëduqL$_p¡ kdph¡i v$rgs L$p¡ddp„ \pe R>¡. dlpfpô²$dp„ lqfS>_p¡ `Z d¡gy„ D`pX$_pf sfuL¡$ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡. Äepf¡ NyS>fpsdp„ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_y„ L$pd hpëduqL$ cpC-bl¡_p¡ L$f¡ R>¡. dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p rhi¡ blz Elp`p¡l \ep¡ A¡V$g¡ NyS>fps lpCL$p¡V$£ A¡L$ L$rdi__u r_dZ|L$ L$fu lsu. lpCL$p¡V®$_p L$rdi_¡ dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p _pb|v$ L$fhp_p¡ lzL$d L$ep£ lp¡hp R>sp„ NyS>fps_p kyf¡ÞÖ_Nf, gMsf, fpZ`yf, g]bX$u, hpX$p¡rgep, Adv$phpv$ rS>ëgp_p A„sqfepm rhõspfp¡, hph-\fpv$, Adf¡gu, v$pd_Nf S>¡hp OZp rhõspfp¡dp„ lÆ Ap â\p Qpgy S> R>¡.

Th¡fQ„v$ d¡OpZu_u L$d®c|rd fpZ`yf R>¡. dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p dpV¡$ fpZ`yf bv$_pd \ey„ A_¡ lpCL$p¡V®$_p L$rdi__p kæep¡ Al]_u dygpL$ps¡ Apìep `R>u V¡$[¼_L$gu L$lu iL$pe L¡$, hpk_p k|„X$gpdp„ rhóV$p cfu_¡ dp\¡ d|L$u Npd_p õdip_ `pk¡ Aph¡gp _pmpdp„ _pMhp_y„ b„^ \ey„ R>¡. lh¡ rhô$p buÅ A¡L$ hpkZdp„ A¡L$W$u L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. s¡g_p X$åbp_u D`f_y„ `sfy„ L$p`u _pMu_¡ A¡_p D`f l¡ÞX$g c¡fhhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. TpXy$ L¡$ `sfp\u rhô$p c¡Nu L$fu Ap X$åbpdp„ cfu_¡ V²¡$¼V$fdp„ W$pghhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

fpZ`yf Npd_p kapCL$pdv$pf c|fpcpC hpO¡gp L$l¡ R>¡, ""Al] hpX$pk„X$pkp¡ lh¡ _\u, `f„sy `pZuhpmp„ k„X$pkp¡dp„ `pZu _l] Aphsy„ lp¡e Ðepf¡ gp¡L$p¡ dmÐepN dpV¡$ fõsp_p¡ S> D`ep¡N L$f¡ R>¡. hpX$p_u S>ÁepA¡ `pL$p„ k„X$pk b_pìep„, `f„sy `pZu_u ìehõ\p _l] lp¡hp\u Adpfp dpV¡$ sp¡ `qf[õ\rs bv$gpC S> _\u. kfL$pfu ^pfp^p¡fZ âdpZ¡ Ad_¡ L$p¡C kNhX$ Ap`hpdp„ Aphsu _\u A_¡ gOysd h¡s_ ^pfp âdpZ¡ h¡s_ dmsy„ _\u. Ad¡ budpf lp¡CA¡ sp¡ `Z L$pd L$fhp S>hy„ S> `X¡$, _l] sp¡ c|M¡ dfhp_p¡ hMs Aph¡.''

(Aphsu L$pg¡ hp„Qp¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$_pf bl¡_p¡_u ìe\p-L$\p)

skhufp¡ : r_rMg cË$
fpZ`yf Npd
Q„`L$cpC hpO¡gp : bu.A¡. \ep R>sp„...
fpZ`yf Npd_y„ hpX$pk„X$pk
hpX$pk„X$pkdp„ kapC hpëduqL$ cpC-bl¡_p¡A¡ lp\¡\u L$fhu `X¡$ R>¡
c|fpcpC hpO¡gp : budpf lp¡CA¡ sp¡e L$pd L$fhy„ `X¡$
fpZ`yf_u drlgp : dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$u_¡ S>hy„ `X¡$ R>¡

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?