bõkp¡ hj® ky^u L$pmp gp¡L$p¡_¡ Nygpd fpM_pfu Np¡fu âÅ_¡ ApS>¡ rhçbgX$__u V¡$r_k L$p¡V®$dp„ b¡ L$pmp f„N_u V¡$r_k-M¡gpX$u bl¡_p¡ QqL$s L$fu flu R>¡. NC L$pg A¡V$g¡ L¡$ 4\u Sy>gpC ky^u V¡$r_k_p Sy>NpfuAp¡_¡ Sy>Npf fdpX$su L„$`_u rhrged qlëk¡ g„X$_dp„ dpqV®$_p rl[ÞNk_¡ rhçbgX$__u Q¡[ç`e_ dp_u_¡ s¡_p a¡hqfV$ sfuL¡$ Sy>Npf_p cph 6/4 fpM¡gp. `Z A¡ a¡hqfV$_¡ Ad¡qfL$p_p 4\u Sy>gpC_p õhps„Ôe qv$hk¡ rh_k rhrgeçk _pd_u 20 hj®_u L$pmp f„N_u R>p¡L$fuA¡ lfphu v$u^u R>¡. ep¡Np_yep¡N A¡hy„ bÞey„ L¡$ rh_k\u b¡ hj® _p_u bl¡_ k¡f¡_p rhrgeçk¡ `Z A¡L$ Np¡fu R>p¡L$fu_¡ lfphu R>¡ A_¡ bÞ_¡ kNu bl¡_p¡ 5du Sy>gpC, 2000_p fp¡S> kpdkpdu k¡qd-apB_gdp„ Aphu `lp¢Qu. _hpC_u hps A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap bÞ_¡ v$uL$fuAp¡_p¡ bp` A_¡ V¡$r_k_p¡ L$p¡Q qfQX®$ rhrgeçk v$uL$fuAp¡ hÃQ¡_p Ü„Ü_¡ Å¡hp dpNsp¡ _lp¡sp¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ blp_y„ dþey„ R>¡. g„X$_dp„ L$p¡C gíL$fu rdÓ_p dfZ_u A„rsdepÓpdp„ S>hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡ 5du Sy>gpCA¡ rhçbgX$__u V¡$r_k L$p¡V®$ _„bf b¡dp„ N¡flpS>f lsp¡. `f„sy v$uL$fuAp¡_u dp Ap¡fpku_ Ad¡qfL$p b¡W$p„ v$uL$fuAp¡ hÃQ¡_u d¡Q V$uhu `f gpBh Å¡C flu lsu.

Ad¡qfL$p_p gyrTep_p fpÄe_p îuh`p¡V®$ Npd¡ A¡L$ Ly„$hpfu dpsp_¡ Ðep„ qfQX®$ rhrgeçk S>Þçep¡ lsp¡. dpsp gNcN Nygpd sfuL¡$ M¡sfdp„ L$`pk huZhp S>su lsu. _p_p¡ lsp¡ Ðepf¡ qfQX®$ Nfub lp¡C_¡ V¡$r_k fdu iL$sp¡ _l], `Z awV$bp¡g_u kõsu fds fdsp¡ lsp¡. iê$dp„ õL|g_p¡ MQ® L$pY$hp dpV¡$ L$ÞõV²$L$i_ L„$`_udp„ dS|>f sfuL¡$ qfQX®$ rhrgeçk L$pd L$fsp¡. 1960_p v$peL$pdp„ s¡ gyrTep_p_p M¡sfpm Npd¡\u gp¡k A¡ÞS>gk _ÆL$_p hp¡V¹$k Npd¡ Apìep¡ A_¡ Ðep„ L$pmp gp¡L$p¡_u T|„`X$`Ë$udp„ fl¡hp gpÁep¡. s¡_p Ap¡R>p cZsf_¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡_¡ _p¡L$fu _ dmsp„ ifuf¡ sNX$p¡ lsp¡ A¡V$g¡ s¡Z¡ k¡dk_ rk¼eyqfV$u_u L„$`_u õ\p`u A_¡ k„L$ë` L$ep£ L¡$ s¡_¡ k„sp_p¡ \pe s¡_¡ V¡$r_k fdsp„ L$fhp„. A¡L$ bk õV¡$ÞX$ D`f s¡_¡ Ap¡fpku_ _pd_u L$pmu _k® dmu NC A_¡ s¡Z¡ 28 hj® `l¡gp„ gÁ_ L$ep¯. ÅZ¡ Ap¡fpku_ iyL$r_epm _uhX$u. A¡ fus¡ L¡$ s¡_¡ Of¡ `yÓfÐ_ _l] `Z ^X$p^X$ `p„Q gÿduv¡$huAp¡ S> S>Þdu.

A_¡ Mf¡Mf R>¡ëgu b¡ `yÓuAp¡ rh_k rhrgeçk A_¡ k¡f¡_p rhrgeçk ApS>¡ A_y¾$d¡ 20 A_¡ 18 hj®_u Jdf¡ kpnps¹ ^_ L$dpsu gÿduAp¡ R>¡. Ne¡ hj£ rh_k¡ Ap¡õV²¡$rgep, rhçbgX$_ A_¡ buÅ„ il¡fp¡dp„ V¡$r_k fdu_¡ 23 gpM X$p¡gf A¡V$g¡ L¡$ ê$. 10 L$fp¡X$_u L$dpZu L$fu R>¡. _p_u bl¡_ k¡f¡_p rhrgeçk ey.A¡k. Ap¡`__u Q¡[ç`e_ \C_¡ A¡ Jdf¡ ê$. 5 L$fp¡X$ L$dpe R>¡. Apd Ap gÿduv¡$huAp¡_p lp\dp„ 9 hj®_u D„df¡ S> f¡L¡$V$ `L$X$phu_¡ qfQX®$ rhrgeçk¡ L$pmp-Np¡fp_p¡ c¡v$ rdV$phu_¡ rhçbgX$__p V¡$r_k_p Brslpkdp„ b¡ v$uL$fuAp¡_y„ _pd f¡L$p¡X®$dp„ Adf L$fhp ^pey¯ R>¡. s¡_u v$uL$fuAp¡_u L$dpZu ê$. 20 L$fp¡X$\u h^y_u \hp Åe R>¡.

rh_k rhrgeçk A_¡ k¡f¡_pA¡ Nfubu blz Å¡C _\u. 1991dp„ r`sp qfQX®$ rhrgeçk ãgp¡qfX$p Aphu Nep A_¡ bÞ_¡ v$uL$fuAp¡_¡ ãgp¡qfX$p_u dpsbf V¡$r_k A¡L¡$X¡$dudp„ Äep„ S>¡r_af L¡$âuApV$u A_¡ buÆ 60 Ad¡qfL$_ bp`_u Np¡fu R>p¡L$fuAp¡ dp¢Op cph¡ V¡$r_k iuMsu lsu Ðep„ v$pMg L$fu. Ap A¡L¡$X¡$dudp„ fp¡S>_p 6 L$gpL$_p V$éyi_ dpV¡$ 1800 X$p¡gf_u dp¢Ou au g¡hpe R>¡. R>¡ëgp„ b¡ hj®\u qfQX®$ rhrgeçk `p¡s¡ S> v$uL$fuAp¡_p V¡$r_k_p¡ L$p¡Q bÞep¡ R>¡ A_¡ v$uL$fuAp¡ kpd¡ â¡[¼V$k L$fhp dp¡V¡$ cpN¡ `p¡s¡ L¡$ bm|L$p `yfyj V¡$r_k M¡gpX$u_¡ S> cpX¡$ fpM¡ R>¡. kpfp `yfyj V¡$r_k M¡gpX$u_¡ v$uL$fu kpd¡ fdhp dpV¡$ 2 L$gpL$_p 75 X$p¡gf Ap`¡ R>¡. ApS>¡ sp¡ Ap L$`pk huZ_pfu v$pv$u_u `p¥Óu rh_k rhrgeçk_¡ "fubp¡L$' _pd_u S|>sp„_u L„$`_u s¡_p¡ gp¡Np¡ hp`fhp dpV¡$ "d[ëV$rdrge_ X$p¡gf'_p¡ L$p¡ÞV²$¡L$V$ L$fu Q|L$u R>¡. iê$dp„ qfQX®$ rhrgeçk_¡ s¡_u v$uL$fuAp¡_¡ dpL£$V¡$bg-L$p¡dp¡qX$V$u b_phhu _lp¡su. `f„sy ApMf¡ ^__u gpgQ_¡ L$p¡Z fp¡L$u iL¡$? Mpk sp¡ v$uL$fuAp¡dp„\u A¡L$_¡ s¡ rhçbgX$__u Q¡[ç`e_ b_phhp dpNsp¡ lsp¡. 4\u Sy>gpCA¡ Å¡ sd¡ dpqV®$_p rl[ÞNk _pd_u 19 hj®_u [õhk a¡hqfV$ M¡gpX$u kpd¡_u rh_k_u fds Å¡C lp¡e sp¡ gpN¡ L¡$ Ap kukd f„N_u rh_k L¡$V$gu L©$sr_òeu R>¡, L¡$V$gu bm|L$u R>¡. bÞ_¡ v$uL$fuAp¡ 9-9 hj®_u lsu Ðepf\u V¡$r_k_u s`òep® iê$ L$fphu s¡ ApS>¡ 10 hj® `R>u am¡ R>¡.

`p„Qdu Sy>gpCA¡ b¡ bl¡_p¡ kpdkpd¡ õ`^p® L$fsu lp¡e A¡hy„ rhçbgX$__p Brslpkdp„ Ap ÓuÆ hMs S> b_¡ R>¡. 1884dp„ dp¡X$ hp¡V$¹k_ _pd_u dp¡V$u bl¡_¡ s¡_u _p_u bl¡_ qgqge_ hp¡V¹$k__¡ lfphu lsu. A¡ `R>u R>¡L$ 1966dp„ N¡Bg i¡fua¡ s¡_u dp¡V$u bl¡_ Q¡_ap¡_¡ lfphu lsu. çeyr_L$_u A¡L$ V$¡r_k_u d¡Qdp„ k¡f¡_p rhrgeçk¡ s¡_u dp¡V$u bl¡_ rh_k rhrgeçk_¡ lfphu_¡ 9 gpM X$p¡gf_p¡ Q¡L$ B_pddp„ Æsu gu^p¡ lsp¡. k¡f¡_pA¡ ey.A¡k. Ap¡`_dp„ dpqV®$_p rl[ÞNk_¡ lfphu `R>u s¡_u bl¡_ rh_k¡ Ap [õhk Np¡fu_¡ Qp¡\u Sy>gpCA¡ rhçbgX$_dp„ lfphu R>¡. L$pmp f„N_u R>p¡L$fu rhçbgX$_dp„ Q¡[ç`e_ b_u lp¡e s¡hp¡ lÆ A¡L$ S> v$pMgp¡ R>¡.

1958dp„ A¡[ë^ep qNbk_ _pd_u L$pmu R>p¡L$fuA¡ rhçbgX$_u V²$p¡au Æs¡gu. Ap V²$p¡au_y„ _pd ep¡Np_yep¡N "rh_k fp¡Thp¡V$f qX$i' `X$éy„ R>¡. bÞ_¡ bl¡_p¡ fdsp¡dp„ `X$uApMX$u_¡ O|„V$Zdp„ Ohpe¡gu R>¡. `Z k¡f¡_p h^y bm|L$u A_¡ k„L$ë`bmhpmu R>¡. dpqV®$_p rl[ÞNk_¡ `|R>hpdp„ Aph¡gy„ L¡$ b¡ bl¡_p¡dp„\u L$p¡Z Æsi¡? sp¡ rl[ÞNk¡ `p¡rgqV$L$g S>hpb Ap`u_¡ L$üy„ L¡$, ""A¡ sp¡ a¡rdgu_p¡ dpdgp¡ R>¡ ...'' A¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡ L¡$ awV$bp¡g M¡gpX$u X¡$rhX$ b¡L$lpd s¡_u "afpfu' õ`p¡V®$¹kL$pf v$p¡X$ph¡ R>¡ s¡_p L$fsp„ rh_k_u V¡$r_k_u krh®k h^y TX$`u R>¡. A¡L$ S>dp_pdp„ V¡$r_k_u spguddp„ Æs¡ Ðepf¡ r`sp rh_k_y„ qMõky„ Qp¡L$g¡V$\u cfu v¡$sp lsp. ApS>¡ lh¡ rh_k A_¡ k¡f¡_p- bÞ_¡_p„ qMõkp„ X$p¡gf\u R>gL$pe R>¡.

k¡f¡_p rhrgeçk `p¡gpv$_u b_u lp¡e s¡hu gpN¡ R>¡. Ap _p_u Jdf¡ bÞ_¡ bl¡_p¡ M|b S> W$f¡gu R>¡ A_¡ fds rkhpe buÅdp„ Ýep_ Ap`su _\u. k¡f¡_p_¡ `|R>hpdp„ Apìey„ L¡$ sdpfu a¡hqfV$ M¡gpX$u L$p¡Z R>¡? sp¡ k¡f¡_p L$l¡ 9 hj®_u lsu Ðepf¡ Älp¡_ d¡L¡$_fp¡ a¡hqfV$ lsp¡. `R>u s¡_u ê$ddp„ dpqV®$_p _hfprsgp¡hp_u skhuf fpMsu. lh¡ k¡f¡_p rhrgeçk `p¡sp_u S> skhuf fpM¡ R>¡. L$l¡ R>¡, "_pD ApB qbguh B_ dpek¡ëa.' lh¡ lz„ dpfu Åsdp„ S> k„`|Z® rhðpk ^fphy„ Ry>„. g¡ML$ dpV¡$ `Z L$p¡C M¡gpX$u a¡hqfV$ lp¡C iL¡$ R>¡. A¡ fus¡ b¡ rhrgeçk bl¡_p¡dp„\u A¡L$ rhçbgX$__u Q¡[ç`e_ b_¡ s¡hu âp\®_p L$ep® hNf fl¡hpsy„ _\u. Sy>NpfuAp¡A¡ sp¡ rh_k rhrgeçk_¡ Sy>Npf_p cph_u Ørô$A¡ (11/2) ÓuÅ¡ _„bf A_¡ k¡f¡_p rhrgeçk_¡ 5dp¡ _„bf (12/1) Apàep¡ lsp¡.

ANpD_p g¡Mp¡
BÞV$f_¡V$ D`f a|V$bp¡g_p¡ ê$. 500 L$fp¡X$_p¡ Sy>Npf fdpep¡
dp_hu_u Q¡s_p dfu L¡$d flu R>¡?
dp_hu_p fp¡Np¡_p BgpS> dpV¡$ s¡_p„ rS>Þk ÅZu iL$pi¡?
Ap`Z¡ S>¡hp R>uA¡ s¡hp S> Ap`Z_¡ õhuL$pfu gCA¡
l¡ cpfshpkuAp¡, BdfS>Þku_¡ fM¡_¡ c|gsp
Ap¡õV$¡²rgep A_¡ Ad¡qfL$p Oykhp dpV¡$ qaÆ A¡L$ dp¡Vy„$ L¡$ÞÖ b_u Ne¡gy„$
Qu__¡ cpfsue L$çàeyV$f kp¡ãV$h¡f_u ÅZL$pfu_u cpf¡ NfS>
AkÐe kpd¡ Ap¾$p¡i sp¡ L$fp¡
q¾$L¡$V$L$p¥cp„X$dp„ b°pe_ gpfp_y„ _pd Dd¡fpey„
_d®v$_y„ hjp®hZ®_$ : L$fyZfk A_¡ î©„Npffk_y„ L$pìe
eyfp¡`_p v¡$ip¡_¡ 16 L$fp¡X$ S>¡V$gp BrdN°ÞV¹$k L$pdv$pfp¡_u S>ê$f
dp¡kd_u f„Nu_u kp\¡ lhpdp__y„ ÓuSy>„ gp¡Q_ Å¡hp S>¡h„y lp¡e R>¡
d©Ðey : ip¡L$ _l] Æh__p fpl_u _hu ip¡^
S|>_u QuÅ¡_p„ b°pÞX$ _pdp¡_u QX$su`X$su
V¡¼_p¡gp¡Æ_p kss rhL$pk, ìep` A_¡ rhõspf\u X$fhp S>¡hy„ Mfy„?
X$u rbek® s¡_u "L$pV£$g'_u _urs R>p¡X$i¡?
ipfÅl_p q¾$L¡$V$_u Ap`husu
Qu__p Ql¡fp_¡ Ap¡mMp¡
qaÆdp„ NyS>fpsu `V¡$gp¡_u vy$L$p_p¡ g|„V$pC
dpfy„ Ad¡qfL$p_y„ rdi_ : `ÓL$pfÐh _l], `Z cË$Æ b_u_¡ eS>dp__¡ S>dpX$hp_y„
dy„bCNfp `ÓL$pf¡ Ad¡qfL$pdp„ iy„ Å¡ey„
R> drl_p\u NyS>fps kfL$pf KOsu lsu?
ApBA¡dA¡a A_¡ rhðb¡ÞL$ kpd¡ gX$_pfpAp¡
l¡Þku ¾$p¡r_e¡ A_¡ buÅ q¾$L¡$V$fp¡ R>V$L$u S>i¡...
gp¡k Ap¡a a¡Bk : dp_hu_u ifdu A_¡ b¡ifdu
Ap¸õL$pf rhS>¡sp d¸ÞX$uk : "Ad¡qfL$_ åeyV$u'_p ÅZhp S>¡hp qv$Áv$i®L$

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?