kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_¡ L$l¡hpsp khZp£ sfa\u Mp¡V$u fus¡ Ap¡mMpsp "KQp hN®'\u kpdprS>L$ A_¡ Apr\®L$ AÞepe sp¡ \pe R>¡ S>, `f„sy L¡$V$guL$ hMs buÆ v$rgs opqs Üpfp `Z AÞepe_p¡ cp¡N b_hy„ `X¡$ R>¡. lqfS>_, hZL$f, fp¡rls A_¡ hpëduqL$ S>¡hu v$rgs opqsAp¡dp„ hpëduqL$Ap¡_¡ kp¥\u `R>ps NZhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. kpbfL$p„W$p_p L¡$V$gpL$ cpNp¡dp„ hpëduqL$Ap¡ `p¡sp_u Ap¡mM lqfS>_ sfuL¡$ S> Ap`¡ R>¡. kpbfL$p„W$p_p hpëduqL$ fpS>¡icpC kp¡g„L$u_¡ g]bX$u spgyL$p_p r__pdp Npd¡ âp\qdL$$ õL|$gdp„ rinL$ sfuL¡$ _p¡L$fu dmu. 1500_u hkrshpmp Npddp„ hpëduqL$ opqs_y„ A¡L$`Z Of _lp¡sy„. fpS>¡icpC_¡ khZ® hkrsdp„ cpX$p_y„ dL$p_ dm¡ A¡hu L$p¡C i¼esp lsu _l]. `p¡sp_u Ap¡mM lqfS>_ sfuL¡$ S> s¡Ap¡ Ap`sp lp¡hp\u Npd_p lqfS>_hpkdp„ A¡d_¡ 100 ê$r`ep_p cpX$p\u dL$p_ dmu Ney„.

fpS>¡icpC L$l¡ R>¡, ""Npddp„ lz„ 15 qv$hk füp¡ `R>u lqfS>_hpkdp„ Mbf `X$u L¡$ lz„ lqfS>_ _l], `f„sy hpëduqL$ Ry>„. lqfS>_hpkdp„ Ap ÅZ \C Ðepf¡ iy¾$hpf lsp¡. dpfp¡ rdÓ kpegp fl¡sp¡ lsp¡. A¡_¡ Ðep„ fl¡hp dpV¡$ lz„ ir_hpf¡ Aphsp¡ A_¡ kp¡dhpf¡ `pR>p¡ õL|$$gdp„ lpS>fu Ap`hp _uL$mu S>sp¡. kp¡dhpf¡ lz„ r__pdp Nep¡ A_¡ Mphp_y„ b_phsp¡ lsp¡ Ðep„ S> A¡L$ cpC Apìep A_¡ L$üy„ L¡$, sd¡ hpëduqL$ lsp sp¡ Ad_¡ `l¡g¡\u S> L$l¡hy„ Å¡CA¡ _¡. hpëduqL$Ap¡_¡ sp¡ Ad¡ X¡$gudp„ `Z Aphhp _ v$CA¡. sdpf¡ spÐL$pqgL$ dL$p_ Mpgu L$fhy„ `X$i¡.''

""dpfu L$p¡C rh_hZu s¡dZ¡ kp„cmu _l]. buS>¡ qv$hk¡ d¢ dpfp¡ kpdp_ õL|$gdp„ d|L$u v$u^p¡. Ðepf `R>u r__pdp\u 50 qL$gp¡duV$f v|$f Aph¡gp kpegp Npd_p hpëduqL$hpkdp„ d_¡ cpX¡$ dL$p_ dþey„. ApS>¡ lz„ v$ffp¡S> kpegp\u _p¡L$fu L$fhp dpV¡$ q__pdp ÅJ Ry>„. khpf¡ 7 hpÁe¡ Of¡\u _uL$my„ Ry>„ A_¡ fpÓ¡ 12 hpÁe¡ `pR>p¡ Of¡ Aphy„ Ry>„. d_¡ 2500 ê$r`ep `Npf dm¡ R>¡ A¡dp„\u drl_¡ 1200 ê$r`ep bkcpX$p `pR>m MQp®e R>¡. 400 ê$r`ep dL$p__y„ cpXy$„ Ap`y„ Ry>„. Apd dpfp lp\dp„ a¼s 900 ê$r`ep Aph¡ R>¡. Adpfp¡ kdpS> S> Å¡ dpfu kp\¡ Aphp¡ ìehlpf L$fsp¡ lp¡e sp¡ `R>u L$l¡hpsp khZp£ `pk¡ sp¡ buÆ L$C A`¡np fpMhu.''

Å¡ cZ¡gpNZ¡gp rinL$ kp\¡ Ap âL$pf_p¡ ìehlpf \sp¡ lp¡e sp¡ dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$_pf hpëduqL$Ap¡ kp\¡ L¡$hp¡ ìehlpf \sp¡ li¡ s¡ kdÆ iL$pe A¡d R>¡. dlpÐdp Np„^uÆ A_¡ L¡$V$gpL$ NÎepNp„W$ép kdpS>ky^pfL$p¡ rkhpe d¡gy„ D`pX$_pfpAp¡_p DÙpf dpV¡$ L$p¡CA¡ N„cuf âeÐ_p¡ L$ep® _\u A_¡ \C füp _\u.

Np„^uÆA¡ 1917dp„ kpbfdsu Apîd_u õ\p`_p L$fu lsu Ðepf¡ Apîd_p kæep¡_¡ k|Q_p Ap`u lsu L¡$, v$f¡L¡$ k„X$pk `p¡s¡ S> kpa L$fhp„. õhs„Ók¡_p_u Apà`pkpl¡b `V$h^®__¡ 1933dp„ fÐ_pqNqf_u S>¡gdp„ `|fhpdp„ Apìep lsp Ðepf¡ A¡dZ¡ S>¡gdp„ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u L$pdNufu dpV¡$ `fhp_Nu dpNu lsu. A¡L$ b°pûZ kapCL$pd L$fhp s¥epf \pe A¡ Å¡C_¡ S>¡g_p kÑphpmpAp¡_¡ _hpC gpNu lsu. k„`|Z® S>¡ghpk v$frdep_ Apà`pkpl¡b¡ k„X$pk kpa L$fhp_u L$pdNufu L$fu lsu. S>¡gdp„\u blpf _uL$þep `R>u A¡dZ¡ Ap^yr_L$ k„X$pk b_phhp dpV¡$_u Ty„b¡i Qgphu lsu. 1948dp„ "dlpfpô²$ lqfS>_ k¡hL$ k„O'A¡ dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p _pb|v$ L$fhp dpV¡$ Qmhm Qgphu lsu. buS>¡ hj£ kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_u `qf[õ\rs ky^pfhp dpV¡$ b°¡h L$rdVu$_u r_dZ|L$ \C lsu. ifd_u hps A¡ R>¡ L¡$, b°¡h L$rdV$uA¡ k|Qh¡gp ky^pfpAp¡dp„\u dp¡V$p cpN_p_p¡ AX$^u kv$u husu NC R>sp„, lSy> ky^u Adg \ep¡ _\u.

1957dp„ "õL¡$h¡[ÞS>„N L$[ÞX$iÞk BÞ¼hpefu L$rdVu$'A¡ dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p _pb|v$ L$fhp dpV¡$ cgpdZ L$fu lsu. 1968dp„ dS|>fp¡_p _¡i_g L$rdi_¡ kapCL$pdv$pfp¡ A_¡ dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$_pfpAp¡_u `qf[õ\rs_p¡ Aæepk L$fhp dpV¡$ L$rdV$u_u r_dZ|L$ L$fu lsu. hjp£ v$frdep_ kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_p `y_:õ\p`_ dpV¡$ L$fp¡X$p¡ ê$r`ep apmhhpdp„ Apìep R>¡, `f„sy kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_u `qfrõ\rs S>¥k¡ \¡ S>¡hu S> flu R>¡. 1991dp„ ep¡S>_p `„Q¡ `Z _p¢Ýey„ lsy„ L¡$ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p lÆ Qpgy R>¡. ApW$du ep¡S>_p (1995)_p A„s `l¡gp„ kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_p `y_:õ\p`_ dpV¡$ `„Q¡ _¡i_g L$rdV$u_u fQ_p `Z L$fu lsu. Ap dpV¡$ L¡$ÞÖA¡ v$f hj£ ê$. 110 L$fp¡X$ apmìep lsp. Apd R>sp„ kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_p `y_:õ\p`__u âq¾$ep ApNm h^u _\u.

dpqV®$_ d¡L$hp_ L$l¡ R>¡, ""NyS>fpsdp„ `Z kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_p `y_:õ\p`_ dpV¡$_u ep¡S>_pAp¡ a¼s Qp¡`X¡$ S> R>¡. gp¡_ d¡mhhp dpV¡$ A¡d_¡ b¢L$ `pk¡ dp¡L$gu Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. b¢L$ A¡_u kpdpÞe â\p âdpZ¡ Ådu_ hN¡f¡ dpN¡ R>¡. S>¡ âdpZ¡ `¥kp kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_p L$ëepZ dpV¡$ apmhpe R>¡ A¡ Å¡sp„ sp¡ AÐepf ky^udp„ A¡ v$f¡L$_p¡ `y_:hkhpV$ \C S>hp¡ Å¡Csp¡ lsp¡, `f„sy A¡hy„ \ey„ _\u. kfL$pf dpV¡$ sp¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$_pfpAp¡ dpZkp¡ S> _\u. kapC dpV¡$ A¡d_¡ lp\dp„ `l¡fhp_p„ fbf_p„ dp¡Å„, dp¡Y$p `f `l¡fhp dpV¡$_y„ dpõL$ L¡$ `N¡ `l¡fhp dpV¡$ Ndb|V$ S>¡hu kpdpÞe kyrh^p `Z Ap`hpdp„ Aphsu _\u.''

kapCL$pdv$pfp_p¡ `y_:õ\p`_ dpV¡$ NyS>fps kfL$pf¡ `Z gp„bp gp„bp W$fph L$ep® R>¡, `f„sy A¡ a¼s Qp¡`X¡$ S> füp R>¡. NyS>fps_p kpdprS>L$ Þepe A_¡ _ipb„^u Mpsp_p â^p_ aL$ufcpC hpO¡gp `p¡s¡ hpëduqL$ opqs_p R>¡, `f„sy dp¡V$p cpN_p kapCL$pdv$pfp¡A¡ h¡v$_p ìe¼s L$fu L¡$, A¡d_u kdõep âÐe¡ kfL$pf `Z r_[ó¾$e R>¡. aL$ufcpC hpO¡gp sp¡ dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$, NyS>fpsdp„\u dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p _pb|v$ \C NC R>¡.

qfqX$a.L$p¡d_¡ A¡dZ¡ L$üy„, ""Ad¡ dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p _pb|v$ L$fu R>¡. L$v$pQ kfL$pf_p Ýep_blpf L$p¡CL$ S>ÁepA¡ Ap â\p Qpgy li¡ sp¡ L$X$L$ lp\¡ A¡_¡ b„^ L$fu v¡$hpdp„ Aphi¡. hpX$pÅS>ê$â\p `f `Z ârsb„^ R>¡ S>.

kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_¡ h¥L$[ë`L$ fp¡S>Npfu dm¡ A¡ dpV¡$ v$f hj£ fpÄe kfL$pf 30 L$fp¡X$ ê$r`ep apmh¡ R>¡. kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_u d„X$mu b_phu_¡ A¡d_¡ vy$L$p_ b_phu Ap`hpdp„ kfL$pf dv$v$ L$fi¡. Aphu d„X$mudp„\u _Nf`prgL$p A_¡ dlp_Nf`prgL$pAp¡A¡ dpg_u Mfuv$u L$fhu `X$i¡. kapCL$pdv$pfp¡_¡ dmsp„ A`|fsp„ kp^_p¡_y„ L$pfZ `„Qpesp¡_u Apr\®L$ _bmu [õ\rs R>¡.'' qfqX$a.L$p¡d¡ Äepf¡ aL$ufcpC_p Ýep_ `f gpìey„ L¡$ A¡d_p dsrhõspf kpegpdp„ S> dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p lÆ Qpgy R>¡ Ðepf¡ aL$ufcpCA¡ Apòe® ìe¼s L$fu s`pk L$fhp_u hps L$fu lsu.

kp¥\u ANÐe_u hps A¡ R>¡ L¡$ ÅsÅs_u kdõepAp¡ dpV¡$ Ap„v$p¡g_p¡ \pe R>¡ A_¡ A¡_¡ ìep`L$ ârkqÙ dm¡ R>¡, `f„sy vy$r_ep_p AÅÎep M|Z¡ Qpgsu fl¡su Ap Adp_hue â\p rhi¡ dp¡V$p cpN_p¡ kdpS> lÆ A„^pfpdp„ R>¡. ¼ep sp¡ s¡Ap¡ Myëgu Ap„M¡ `Z Å¡C _l] iL$sp lp¡hp_p¡ X$p¡m L$f¡ R>¡. hpëduqL$ kdpS>_u L$d_kubu A¡ R>¡ L¡$, fpS>L$pfZuAp¡ dpV¡$ s¡Ap¡ dS>b|s "hp¡V$ b¢L$' _\u A_¡ S>¡ opqs L¡$ kdpS> "hp¡V$ b¢L$' _l] lp¡e A¡_p DÙpfdp„ Apd `Z fpS>L$pfZuAp¡_¡ ¼ep„ fk `X¡$ R>¡?

ANpD_p g¡Mp¡
NyS>fps_p„ L¡$V$gp„L$ Npdp¡dp„ d¡gy„ D`pX$_pfpAp¡ dpV¡$ d„qv$fdp„ âh¡ib„^u R>¡
d¡gy„ D`pX$_pfpAp¡_¡ \sp¡ A¥rslprkL$ AÞepe
NyS>fpsdp„ dp\¡ d¡gy„ D`pX$hp_u â\p_p¡ A„s ¼epf¡?

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?